Table 1.
Sample characteristics (N = 346).
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Age | M = 42.1 | SD = 12.8 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 184 | 53.2 |
| Female | 162 | 46.8 |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian/white | 284 | 82.1 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 26 | 7.5 |
| African American/black | 39 | 11.3 |
| Asian American/Asian | 17 | 4.9 |
| American Indian/Native Alaskan | 9 | 2.6 |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 2 | 0.6 |
| Income | ||
| Less than $50,000 | 190 | 55 |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 122 | 35.3 |
| $100,000 or more | 34 | 9.8 |
| Current recovery | ||
| Alcohol only | 189 | 54.6 |
| Drugs only | 71 | 20.5 |
| Both alcohol and drugs | 86 | 24.9 |
| Time in recoverya | ||
| < 1 year | 97 | 28 |
| 1–5 years | 130 | 37.6 |
| 5–10 years | 46 | 13.3 |
| > 10 years | 73 | 21.1 |
| Natural recovery | ||
| Yes | 78 | 22.5 |
| No | 268 | 77.5 |
| Mutual-help attendance | ||
| Yes | 115 | 33.2 |
| No | 231 | 66.8 |
| Recurrence of use in last 6 months | ||
| Yes | 131 | 37.9 |
| No | 215 | 62.1 |
a
For individuals in recovery from both alcohol and drugs, shorter duration of recovery is reported.