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. 2025 Feb 25;27:e68462. doi: 10.2196/68462

Table 2.

Differences between intervention arms in health-related quality of life at posttest.

Comparison Mean difference 95% CI Hedges g
Health-related quality of life

Physical functioning


IP100a vs IP50b 5.28 –4.24 to 14.81 0.34


IP100 vs IP25c 2.50 –8.06 to 13.06 0.21


IP100 vs controls 3.46 –6.85 to 13.78 0.31


IP50 vs IP25 2.78 –13.35 to 7.77 –0.16


IP50 vs controls 1.82 –12.14 to 8.49 –0.11


IP25 vs controls 0.96 –10.32 to 12.24 0.07

Role limitations due to physical health


IP100 vs IP50 0.007 –19.93 to 19.92 0.00


IP100 vs IP25 6.44 –15.64 to 28.53 0.21


IP100 vs controls 2.58 –18.99 to 24.17 0.09


IP50 vs IP25 6.45 –15.64 to 28.54 0.20


IP50 vs controls 2.59 –18.99 to 24.17 0.08


IP25 vs controls 3.85 –27.45 to 19.73 –0.12

Role limitations due to emotional problems


IP100 vs IP50 1.90 –26.81 to 23.00 –0.05


IP100 vs IP25 5.91 –33.53 to 21.70 –0.15


IP100 vs controls 7.72 –34.71 to 19.25 –0.20


IP50 vs IP25 4.00 –31.62 to 23.61 –0.10


IP50 vs controls 5.82 –32.80 to 21.15 –0.15


IP25 vs controls 1.81 –27.68 to 31.31 –0.05

Energy/fatigue


IP100 vs IP50 5.71 –2.98 to 14.41 0.39


IP100 vs IP25 4.93 –4.71 to 14.58 0.36


IP100 vs controls 4.12 –5.30 to 13.55 0.37


IP50 vs IP25 0.77 –10.42 to 8.87 –0.05


IP50 vs controls 1.58 –11.01 to 7.83 –0.10


IP25 vs controls 0.81 –11.11 to 9.49 –0.07

Emotional well-being


IP100 vs IP50 3.54 –5.03 to 12.12 0.24


IP100 vs IP25 2.41 –11.93 to 7.09 –0.23


IP100 vs controls 1.08 –10.37 to 8.20 –0.09


IP50 vs IP25 5.96 –15.47 to 3.54 –0.40


IP50 vs controls 4.62 –13.92 to 4.66 –0.30


IP25 vs controls 1.33 –8.82 to 11.49 0.12

Social functioning


IP100 vs IP50 2.14 –18.26 to 22.54 0.07


IP100 vs IP25 0.34 –22.96 to 22.28 –0.01


IP100 vs controls 1.62 –20.47 to 23.72 0.05


IP50 vs IP25 2.48 –25.10 to 20.13 –0.08


IP50 vs controls 0.52 –22.62 to 21.57 –0.02


IP25 vs controls 1.96 –22.19 to 26.12 0.06

Pain


IP100 vs IP50 3.35 –15.18 to 21.89 0.11


IP100 vs IP25 9.11 –11.43 to 29.67 0.31


IP100 vs controls 1.53 –21.61 to 18.54 –0.05


IP50 vs IP25 5.75 –14.79 to 26.31 0.20


IP50 vs controls 4.89 –24.97 to 15.19 –0.17


IP25 vs controls 10.64 –32.60 to 11.30 –0.39

General health


IP100 vs IP50 9.09 –1.34 to 19.52 0.53


IP100 vs IP25 7.24 –4.32 to 18.81 0.52


IP100 vs controls 8.32 –2.97 to 19.62 0.58


IP50 vs IP25 1.84 –13.41 to 9.72 –0.10


IP50 vs controls 0.76 –12.06 to 10.53 –0.04


IP25 vs controls 1.07 –11.27 to 13.43 0.07

Change in health from 1 year ago


IP100 vs IP50 0.54 –10.10 to 11.19 0.03


IP100 vs IP25 2.94 –14.67 to 8.77 –0.19


IP100 vs controls 14.12 2.66 to 25.57 0.82


IP50 vs IP25 3.49 –15.28 to 8.30 –0.22


IP50 vs controls 13.57 2.04 to 25.10 0.79


IP25 vs controls 17.06 4.54 to 29.59 1.14

aIP100: in-person exercise coaching 100%.

bIP50: in-person exercise coaching 50%.

cIP25: in-person exercise coaching 25%.