Table 11.

Intestinal morphology and cell proliferation in nursery pigs fed diets ground herb-based phytobiotics¹ and essential oil-based phytobiotics²

Item4	Treatments3				SEM	P value
	NC	PC	HP	EP		NC vs. PC	PC vs. HP	PC vs. EP
VH, µm	486	422	467	440	22.0	0.034	0.115	0.486
CD, µm	177	164	132	130	8.0	0.206	0.004	0.002
VH:CD	2.79	2.62	3.54	3.38	0.16	0.432	0.001	0.002
Ki-67+5, unit	53.9	67.4	48.3	53.4	3.2	0.005	0.001	0.004

¹Salcochek Pro (Ayurvet Limited).

²Liq-biotic (Ayurvet Limited).

³NC, basal diet, non-challenged pigs; PC basal diet, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; HP, basal diet + 1% ground herb-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; EP, basal diet + 1% essential oil-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli.

⁴VH, villus height; CD, crypt depth; VH:CD, Villus height to Crypt depth ratio.

⁵Ki-67⁺, cell proliferation rate.