Table 5.

RA of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota at the phylum level in pigs fed diets supplemented with ground herb-based phytobiotics¹ and essential oil-based phytobiotics²

	Treatment3					P value
Item	NC	PC	HP	EP	SEM	NC vs. PC	PC vs. HP	PC vs. EP
Firmicutes	61.29	54.56	72.47	55.66	8.15	0.534	0.125	0.927
Actinobacteria	23.52	14.46	11.55	18.91	3.87	0.085	0.593	0.433
Proteobacteria	13.06	18.11	14.63	21.61	8.94	0.669	0.781	0.788
Bacteroidetes	1.00	6.84	0.40	1.55	1.95	0.022	0.018	0.057
Chlamydiae	0.39	3.05	0.18	0.18	1.58	0.172	0.165	0.180
Spirochaetae	< 0.01	0.15	0.02	0.12	0.07	0.074	0.145	0.758
Others	0.74	2.83	0.75	1.97	0.70	0.029	0.040	0.401

¹Salcochek Pro (Ayurvet Limited).

²Liq-biotic (Ayurvet Limited).

³NC, basal diet, non-challenged pigs; PC, basal diet, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; HP, basal diet + 1% ground herb-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; EP, basal diet + 1% essential oil-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli.