Table 8.

RA of mucosa-associated microbiota at species level of pigs fed diets supplemented with ground herb-based phytobiotics¹ and essential oil-based phytobiotics²

	Treatment3					P value
Item	NC	PC	HP	EP	SEM	NC vs. PC	PC vs. HP	PC vs. EP
Helicobacter rappini	11.68	13.08	14.03	20.13	8.51	0.897	0.934	0.575
Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum-thermophilum	7.07	7.98	6.36	13.04	2.97	0.816	0.698	0.248
Lactobacillus delbrueckii	20.58	9.00	18.20	12.97	4.32	0.045	0.130	0.530
Lactobacillus mucosae	9.02	6.21	8.89	8.46	2.26	0.351	0.401	0.515
Staphylococcus kloosii	2.04	6.61	6.55	1.08	3.53	0.287	0.989	0.243
Staphylococcus saprophyticus-xylosus	1.67	1.98	4.11	2.95	1.35	0.863	0.266	0.694
Bifidobacterium dentium	10.06	2.11	2.51	0.04	1.84	0.001	0.853	0.339
Staphylococcus saprophyticus	1.35	0.93	4.24	1.31	0.99	0.748	0.023	0.794
Staphylococcus cohnii-nepalensis	0.73	1.27	9.81	0.18	2.86	0.887	0.040	0.794
Bifidobacterium boum	4.08	1.55	1.51	2.25	0.86	0.026	0.971	0.558
Megashpaera sp.	1.07	2.33	0.74	1.34	0.63	0.136	0.079	0.281
Chlamydia muridarum	0.39	3.05	0.18	0.18	1.58	0.172	0.165	0.180
Lactobacillus salivarius	1.79	0.33	0.79	0.71	0.60	0.004	0.530	0.611
Olsenella profusa	0.81	1.12	0.61	0.79	0.41	0.567	0.378	0.579
Syntrophococcus sp.	0.46	0.63	0.38	1.66	0.31	0.664	0.540	0.021
Weissellat hailandensis	0.65	0.86	0.17	2.28	0.73	0.838	0.538	0.223
Sharpea azabuensis	0.29	0.23	0.82	0.97	0.29	0.887	0.168	0.109
Helicobacter equorum	0.02	1.90	0.02	0.84	0.58	0.014	0.018	0.189
Mitsuokella multacida	0.34	0.62	0.44	0.32	0.28	0.276	0.511	0.291
Dialister succinatiphilus	0.53	0.63	0.10	0.44	0.19	0.702	0.054	0.495
Lactobacillus sp.	11.95	8.02	4.72	2.95	2.72	0.279	0.391	0.207
Others	13.08	28.94	14.38	24.80	6.08	0.056	0.095	0.639

¹Salcochek Pro (Ayurvet Limited).

²Liq-biotic (Ayurvet Limited).

³NC, basal diet, non-challenged pigs; PC, basal diet, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; HP, basal diet + 1% ground herb-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli; EP, basal diet + 1% essential oil-based phytobiotics, challenged with F18⁺E. coli.