| T2D | type 2 diabetes |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide 1 |
| SGLT2 | sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 |
| DPP-4 | dipeptidyl peptidase-4 |
| NTS | nucleus of the solitary tract |
| GLP-1RA | GLP-1 receptor agonist |
| GLP-1R | GLP-1 receptor |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| cAMP-GEFII or Epac2 | cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor |
| CREB | cAMP-responsive element binding |
| MACE | major adverse cardiovascular event |
| CVOTs | CardioVascular Outcome Trials |
| ICV | intracerebroventricular |
| BAT | brown adipose tissue |
| DPP-4i | dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor |
| sDPP-4 | dipeptidyl peptidase 4 soluble |
| AGEs | advanced glycation end products |
| RAGE | advanced glycation end product receptor |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| Ang | angiotensin |
| ACE | angiotensin I-converting enzyme |
| AT1R | Ang II type 1 receptor |
| HF | heart failure |
| STEMI | ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| AST | aspartate aminotransferase |
| ADA | adenosine deaminase |
| TGF | tubuloglomerular feedback |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| mProx24 | proximal tubular epithelial cells |
| SGLT2is | SGLT2 inhibitors |
| HK2 cells | human kidney proximal tubular cell line |
| mTORC1 | rapamycin complex 1 |
| KB | ketone body |
| HFrEF | reduced ejection fraction |
| HFpEF | preserved ejection fraction |
| NOS | nitric oxide synthase |
| NHE | Na+/H+ exchanger CA |
| CA | cardiac arrest |
| ROSC | return of spontaneous circulation |
| MFN | mitofusin |
| DRP1 | dynamin-related protein 1 |
| AMP | adenosine monophosphate |
| AMPK | activated protein kinase |
| OPA1 | optic atrophy 1 |
| Fis-1 | fission 1 |
| GIP | glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide |