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. 2025 Feb 22;14(5):744. doi: 10.3390/foods14050744
AI Artificial intelligence
AMR Antimicrobial resistance
APP Acute-phase proteins
CFU Colony-forming units
COVID-19 Corona Virus Disease of 2019
EC Electrochemical
EIS Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
ELISA Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
F2F Farm-to-fork
FCI Food chain information
FET Field-effect transistor
IoT Internet of Things
HEIs Harmonized epidemiological indicators
HPLC Reaction—PCR, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
LC-MS Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
LC-UV Liquid chromatography and UV detector
LED Light-emitting diode
LOC Lab-on-a-chip
LOD Limit of detection
MIPs Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
ML Machine learning
MRS Magnetic Relaxation Switching
POC Point-of-care
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
PLF Precision livestock farming
PMB Portable multifunction biosensor
PIC Photonic integrated circuit
QCM Quartz crystal microbalance (resonator)
RPA Recombinase Polymerase Amplification
RB-MSAS Risk-based meat safety assurance system
SAW Surface acoustic wave
SERS Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
SPR Surface plasmon resonance
VOCs Volatile organic compounds