| AEs | Adverse events |
| ALT | Alanine Aminotransferase |
| anti-TNF-α | Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α |
| AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| BWS | Loss of bowel wall stratification |
| BWT | Bowel wall thickness |
| CD | Crohn’s disease |
| CDS | Color Doppler signal |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| EIM | Extra-intestinal manifestations |
| FC | Fecal calprotectin |
| HSV | Herpes simplex virus |
| IBD | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| iFAT | Inflammatory fat |
| IFX | Inflixymab |
| IUS | Intestinal ultrasonography |
| IQR | Interquartile range |
| JAK | Janus Kinase |
| LDL | Low-Denstity Lipoprotein |
| M | Mean |
| MACE | Major adverse cardiac events |
| MD | Median difference |
| Me | Median |
| MUC | Milano Ultrasound Criteria |
| MMX | Multimatrix |
| NMSC | Nonmelanoma skin cancer |
| NPV | Negative predictive value |
| PPV | Positive predictive value |
| RWE | Real Word Experience |
| SAE | Serious adverse event |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| TGL | Triglycerides |
| TMS | Total Mayo score |
| TOFA | Tofacitinib |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| UPA | Upadacitinib |
| VTE | Venous thromboembolism |
| Y | Years |