5-HT	Serotonin
α-LA	α-lipoic acid
Aβ	Beta amyloid
AChE	Acetylcholinesterase
AD	Alzheimer’s diseas
Akt	Protein kinase B
ALA	α-linolenic acid
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
βHB	D-β-hydroxybutyrate
BACE1	Beta-secretase 1
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
BuChE	Butyrylcholinesterase
CAA	Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
cAMP	Cyclic AMP
CAT	Catalase
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2
DHA	Docosahexaenoic acid
EGCG	Epigallocatechin gallate
EPA	Eicosapentaenoic acid
GABA	γ-aminobutyric acid
GM	Gut microbiota
GSH-Px	Glutathione peroxidase
GSK3	Glycogen synthase kinase 3
H2S	Hydrogen sulfide
Hcy	Homocysteine
HO-1	Heme oxygenase
IL	Interleukin
iNOS	Nitric oxide synthases
kMCT	Ketogenic medium-chain triglyceride
LA	linoleic acid
LC	L-carnitine
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
LRR	Leucine-rich repeat
MAO	Monoamine oxidase
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MedDiet	Mediterranean diet
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NFκB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NFT	Neurofibrillary tangles
NLRP3	Pyrin domain-containing protein 3
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
NO	Nitric oxide
NOD	Nucleotide-binding domain
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2
NSAIDs	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinases
PTEN	Phosphatase and tensin homolog
PUFA	Polyunsaturated fatty acid
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SIRT	Sirtuin
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acid
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TMAO	Trimethylamine N-oxide
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
ϖ-3	Omega-3