| AGEs | advanced glycation end-products |
| AgRP | agouti-related peptide |
| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| AKT | protein kinase B |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| AST | aspartate aminotransferase |
| CAT | catalase |
| CDK9 | cyclin dependent kinase 9 |
| CK | creatine kinase |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| CRTC2 | CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 |
| DDX21 | DExD-box helicase 21 |
| eNOS | endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
| FBL | fibrillarin |
| FoxOs | forkhead box O |
| FXR | farnesoid X receptor |
| GABPB1 | GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1 |
| GGT | gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase |
| GLP-1 | glucagon like peptide 1 |
| GLUT4 | glucose transporter 4 |
| GPX | glutathione peroxidase |
| H | histone |
| HDL | high-density lipoprotein |
| HIIT | swimming high-intensity interval training |
| HOMA-IR | homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factor 1 |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| IL-8 | interleukin-8 |
| K | lysine |
| LCN2 | lipocalin-2 |
| LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LKB1 | liver kinase B1 |
| MDA | malondialdehyde |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MMP | matrix metalloproteinase |
| mTOR | mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| NAD+ | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NF-Κb | nuclear factor-Κb |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| PA | physic activity |
| PGAM-1 | phosphoglycerate mutase 1 |
| PGC-1α | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase |
| POLR1e | RNA polymerase I subunit E |
| POMC | pro-opiomelanocortin |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor |
| Prdm16 | PR domain containing 16 |
| RES | resveratrol |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| rrp9 | ribosomal RNA processing 9 |
| r-TPA | recombinant tissue plasminogen activator |
| SESN2 | sestrin 2 |
| SIRT1 | sirtuin 1 |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| SREBP1c | sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c |
| UCP2 | uncoupling protein 2 |
| TIMP-1 | tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor α |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VSMC | vascular smooth muscle cell |