| FEM | Finite element method |
| EECM | Electromechanical equivalent circuit method |
| FGM | Functionally graded material |
| FGM-cSPT | Functionally graded material composite spherical PZT-5A piezoelectric transducer |
| FEM | Finite element method |
| EECM | Electromechanical equivalent circuit method |
| FGM | Functionally graded material |
| FGM-cSPT | Functionally graded material composite spherical PZT-5A piezoelectric transducer |