TABLE 2.
The estimated mathematical parameters of loading kinetic, classic isotherm, advanced isotherm, and release kinetic models.
| Model | Parameters | GL | EXGL | Mth/EXGL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinetic models | ||||
| Pseudo-first-order | K1 (min-1) | 0.166 | 0.157 | 0.146 |
| Qe (Cal) (mg/g) | 109.77 | 169.4 | 267.2 | |
| R2 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.97 | |
| X2 | 2.79 | 2.69 | 2.49 | |
| Pseudo-second-order | k2 (g mg-1 min-1) | 8.3 × 10−4 | 5.11 × 10−4 | 3.01 × 10−4 |
| Qe (Cal) (mg/g) | 152.3 | 235.8 | 373.8 | |
| R2 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.96 | |
| X2 | 3.8 | 3.96 | 3.69 | |
| Isotherm models | ||||
| Langmuir | Qmax (mg/g) | 119.1 | 206.7 | 324.6 |
| b(L/mg) | 1.94 × 10−8 | 6.19 × 10−9 | 1.5 × 10−10 | |
| R2 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | |
| X2 | 0.025 | 0.14 | 1.64 | |
| RL | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | |
| Freundlich | 1/n | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.12 |
| kF (mg/g) | 124.1 | 206.3 | 310.2 | |
| R2 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.99 | |
| X2 | 0.84 | 1.01 | 0.36 | |
| D-R model | β (mol2/KJ2) | 0.0062 | 0.0066 | 0.0088 |
| Qm (mg/g) | 136.1 | 236.6 | 330.7 | |
| R2 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.98 | |
| X2 | 0.74 | 2.27 | 2.51 | |
| E (KJ/mol) | 8.95 | 8.70 | 7.53 | |
| Monolayer model of one energy | n | 4.53 | 5.27 | 7.2 |
| Nm (mg/g) | 26.3 | 38.4 | 45.5 | |
| Q(sat) (mg/g) | 119.3 | 202.4 | 327.7 | |
| ∆E (kJ/mol) | −10.06 | −10.2 | −6.8 | |
| EXGL | Mth/EXGL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetate buffer (pH 5.5) | Phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) | Acetate buffer (pH 5.5) | Phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) | |
| Release kinetics | ||||
| Zero-order | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.57 |
| First order | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| Higuchi | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.80 |
| Hixson-Crowell | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.94 |
| Korsmeyer-peppas | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| n | 0.63 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.57 |