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. 2024 Jun 21;18(1):127–136. doi: 10.1007/s40617-024-00953-x

Table 2.

Treatment Options and Definitions

Treatment Definition Research Category*
Medical treatment Treatment advised/prescribed by a medical practitioner. Established
Speech-language Therapy Treatment prescribed by a licensed Speech Therapist. Established
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) Therapy Therapy based on the science of learning and behavior. Established
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) A type of therapy in which negative patterns of thought about the self and the world are challenged in order to alter unwanted behavior patterns. Established
Parent Mediated Therapy Therapeutic intervention in which parents are trained by professionals to implement specific therapies to their own child. Established
Social Stories/Social Thinking Individualized instruction based on stories or other curricular components designed to address social situations that a person with autism may encounter. Established
Music Therapy Therapy provided by a certified music therapist in which music is purposefully utilized to support development, health, and well-being. Emerging
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) A psychological treatment that uses acceptance and mindfulness strategies along with commitment and behavior-change strategies to increase psychological flexibility. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Occupational Therapy Treatment prescribed by a licensed Occupational Therapist. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Physical Therapy Treatment prescribed by a licensed Physical Therapist. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Nutritional Therapy Treatment based on nutrition. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Facilitated Communication Treatment to support non-vocal learners in which a facilitator provides physical support to the individual to type on a keyboard or other device. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Dolphin-Assisted Therapy A sensory therapy in which the individual is provided an aquatic experience with dolphins. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Art Therapy A form of therapy which encourages self-expression through painting, drawing, or other forms of art. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Pet- Facilitated Therapy Treatment utilizing dogs or other animals to improve the physical and/or mental health of patients. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Sensory Integration Therapy Treatment prescribed in which individuals are exposed to sensory stimulation in a structured way to improve the organization of sensory information from the environment. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Chelation A method utilized to remove certain heavy metals from the bloodstream. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Craniosacral Therapy A system of alternative medicine intended to relieve pain and tension by gentle manipulations of the skull regarded as harmonizing with a natural rhythm in the central nervous system. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
Auditory Integration Training A type of sound therapy that aims to reduce sensitivity to sounds or problems with how sounds are processed. Unestablished or not listed in the NSP2 as a treatment for autism
No therapy recommended n/a n/a

*Research categorical designations were gathered from National Autism Center, 2015