Table 3.

Structure, foundation, and objectives of structured videoconference intervention programs.

Intervention name	Total number of sessions	Frequency	Duration of session	Intervention objective	Theoretical foundation	Asynchronous component
Behavior change intervention [47]	≥10	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve physical activity or physical function	Social cognitive theory or CBTa Control theory	Self-monitoring and tracking
PABCb [54]	≥10	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve physical activity or physical function	Behavior change	Self-monitoring and tracking
LTPAc [40]	5-9	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve physical activity or physical function	Self-determination theory	Not reported
TABLETSd [52]	5-9	Weekly+booster sessions	≤1 hour	Improve physical activity or physical function Improve quality of life Other (diet, medication adherence, and self-monitoring behavior)	Previously reported intervention	Educational materials or access to website Printable materials or manuals Self-monitoring and tracking Automated feedback
ACCESSe [39]	5-9	Not reported	≤1 hour	Improve physical activity or physical function	Behavior change Self-determination theory	Educational materials or access to website Home practice or homework
Telehealth perioperative physical activity intervention [48]	≤4	Other than weekly	Not reported	Improve physical activity or physical function	Chronic care self-management model	Printable materials or manuals Self-monitoring and tracking Other
Psychosocial intervention [38]	≤4	Other than weekly	≤1 hour	Improve mental health or reduce stress Improve quality of life	Review of literature or clinical guidelines	Printable materials or manuals
Tele-MASTf [56]	≥10	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve mental health or reduce stress Improve quality of life	Review of literature or clinical guidelines Sense of coherence theory	Printable materials or manuals
COBMINDEXg program [44]	5-9	Other than weekly	>1 hour	Improve mental health or reduce stress	Social cognitive theory or CBT	Educational materials or access to website Home practice or homework Self-monitoring and tracking Other
Brief and telehealth ACTh [49]	≤4	Weekly	>1 hour	Improve mental health or reduce stress	ACT	Printable materials or manuals
CBMi [53]	≤4	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve mental health or reduce stress	Previously reported intervention	Printable materials or manuals Home practice or homework Other
TEAMj [36,37]	≥10	Weekly	≤1 hour	Weight loss	Not reported	Self-monitoring and tracking
Tele–nutrition counseling program [65]	5-9	Other than weekly	≤1 hour	Weight loss Improve quality of life	Health belief model	Educational materials or access to website Home practice or homework Self-monitoring and tracking
EVOk [57]	≥10	Other than weekly	≤1 hour	Weight loss Diabetes management	Behavior change Psychoeducation	Educational materials or access to website Home practice or homework Self-monitoring and tracking
TBIconneCT [58,59]	≥10	Weekly	>1 hour	Improve communication	Previously reported intervention Social cognitive theory or CBT	Printable materials or manuals Home practice or homework
Online SCl for participation [41]	≥10	Other than weekly	≤1 hour	Improve communication Improve quality of life Improve mental health or reduce stress Improve everyday participation or life roles	Previously reported intervention	Printable materials or manuals Message board or social networking site
PCSTm [46,60,63] and and MCPC c [64]	≤4	Not reported	≤1 hour	Pain management	Social cognitive theory or CBT	Educational materials or access to website Home practice or homework Self-monitoring and tracking Message board or social networking site
CO-OPo [43,55,67]	≥10	Other than weekly OR weeklyp	≤1 hour	Improve everyday participation or life roles	Meichenbaum’s SITq or CO-OP	Home practice or homework
Modified Monash memory skills program [50,51]	5-9	Weekly+booster sessions	>1 hour	Improve everyday participation or life roles Improve memory	Previously reported intervention	Home practice or homework
Telecare on oral health [68]	5-9	Other than weekly	≤1 hour	Improve oral care	Not reported	Other
Care management program [45]	≥10	Other than weekly	Not reported	Care management and planning Improve physical activity or physical function	Review of literature or clinical guidelines	Not reported
VYVr [62]	≤4	Not reported	Not reported	Care management and planning	Behavior change Review of literature or clinical guidelines Representational approach to patient education	Other
ONBOARDs [61]	≤4	Other than weekly	Not reported	Diabetes management	Review of literature or clinical guidelines Technology acceptance model	Not reported
CBT-It [42]	5-9	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve sleep	Social cognitive theory or CBT	Home practice or homework Self-monitoring and tracking
CBT-SFu [66]	5-9	Weekly	≤1 hour	Improve sleep Improve mental health or reduce stress	Social cognitive theory or CBT	Not reported

^aCBT: cognitive behavioral therapy.

^bPABC: Physical Activity Behavior Change.

^cLTPA: Leisure Time Physical Activity.

^dTABLETS: Tablet-Aided Behavioral Intervention Effect on Self-Management Skills.

^eACCESS: Physical Activity Counseling for Young Adult Cancer Survivors.

^fTele-MAST: Making Sense of Brain Tumour program.

^gCOBMINDEX: Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction With Daily Exercise.

^hACT: acceptance and commitment therapy.

ⁱCBM: couple-based meditation.

^jTEAM: Telehealth-Enabled Approach to Multidisciplinary Care.

^kEVO: Elements Vital to Treat Obesity.

^lSC: supported conversation.

^mPCST: Pain Coping Skill Training.

ⁿMCPC: Meaning-Centered Pain Coping Skills Training.

^oCO-OP: Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance.

^pA total of 12% (4/33) of the studies tested the same intervention and delivered it on both a weekly and nonweekly schedule.

^qSIT: self-instructional training.

^rVYV: Voice Your Values.

^sONBOARD: Overcoming Barriers and Obstacles to Adopting Diabetes Devices.

^tCBT-I: CBT for insomnia.

^uCBT-SF: CBT for sleep disturbance and fatigue.