Table 3.
Comparison of PAC production in organic/aqueous two-phase emulsion systems.
| Variables | Two-phase emulsion systems of organic / aqueous phase | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vg-oil / Buffer * | Vg-oil / Buffer | Vg-Oil + DPG / buffer | Octanol / buffer | |
| PACorg (mM) | 30.3b ± 1.8 | 34.2a ± 0.8 | 32.1b ± 0.5 | 26.4c ± 0.4 |
| PACaq (mM) | 24.1b ± 1.0 | 11.5c ± 0.1 | 25.8a ± 0.6 | 4.30d ± 0.18 |
| PACoverall (mM) | 27.2b ± 0.7 | 22.9c ± 0.4 | 28.9a ± < 0.1 | 15.4d ± 0.3 |
| Residual Vol. PDC act. (%) | 8.70a ± 1.65 | 2.88d ± 0.24 | 5.46b ± 1.61 | 5.17c ± 1.32 |
| Sp,PAC (µmol/Uini) | 97.1a ± 2.5 † | 32.7c ± 0.6 | 41.3b ± < 0.1 | 21.9d ± 0.4 |
| QPAC,max (mM/min) | 0.076d ± 0.002 | 0.944a ± 0.050 | 0.838b ± 0.042 | 0.216c ± 0.014 |
| YPAC/Bz (mol/mol) | 0.667c ± 0.019 | 0.967a ± 0.020 | 0.803b ± 0.001 | 0.414d ± 0.008 |
| YPAC/Pyr (mol/mol) | 0.718c ± 0.020 | 0.624d ± 0.011 | 0.751b ± 0.002 | 0.780a ± 0.015 |
| Pyr molar balance (%) | 93.7ab ± 1.2 | 88.5c ± 0.5 | 92.0bc ± 3.0 | 96.4a ± 1.9 |
| Bz molar balance (%) | 83.1c ± 1.5 | 99.2a ± 4.4 | 92.9b ± 1.2 | 78.3d ± 1.4 |
The numbers with the same alphabet indicate no significant (p > 0.05) difference for comparison of the same row. Bold numbers indicated the highest statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) values in each row. All variables were determined at 360 min except QPAC,max whose values were determined at maxima. * The study from Nunta et al.5 that using C. tropicalis whole cells with specific PDC activity of 0.20–0.28 0.05 U/mg protein without ultrasonication treatment. † Calculation from reported overall PAC concentration and average value of initial specific PDC activity.