Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics between overweight and obese PCOS patients with and without NAFLD
| Variables | Non-NAFLD (PDFF ≤ 5.1%, n = 28) | NAFLD (PDFF > 5.1%, n = 59) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liver PDFF (%) | 3.24 ± 0.93 | 11.38 (7.63, 17.97) | < 0.001# | |
| General characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 28.6 ± 3.6 | 29.8 ± 3.8 | 0.173* | |
| Height (m) | 1.63 ± 0.04 | 1.62 ± 0.05 | 0.291* | |
| Weight (kg) | 71.6 ± 5.8 | 76.0 (71.8, 82.5) | 0.001 # | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 (25.4, 28.6) | 29.4 (27.0, 31.6) | < 0.001# | |
| AC (cm) | 88.8 ± 5.7 | 92.0 (88.8, 101.5) | 0.001 # | |
| Biochemistry measurements | ||||
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.31 (0.95, 1.71) | 1.87 (1.44, 2.69) | < 0.001# | |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.50 (4.02, 5.18) | 5.18 ± 0.95 | 0.011 # | |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.16 ± 0.24 | 1.06 ± 0.19 | 0.044 * | |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.67 (2.39, 3.06) | 3.22 ± 0.79 | 0.012 # | |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 4.87 (4.51, 5.24) | 5.16 (4.90, 5.48) | 0.006 # | |
| Insulin (pmol/L) | 68.35 (49.97, 88.54) | 114.46 (75.35, 163.90) | < 0.001# | |
| Sex hormones | ||||
| FSH (IU/L) | 5.79 ± 2.17 | 6.07 ± 1.54 | 0.547* | |
| LH (IU/L) | 7.26 (3.54, 11.78) | 7.80 (5.96, 12.90) | 0.227# | |
| LH/FSH | 1.21 (0.88, 1.98) | 1.44 (1.00, 2.12) | 0.484# | |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | 52.38 (32.80, 67.12) | 48.79 (43.21, 58.71) | 0.964# | |
| Progesterone (ng/mL) | 0.49 (0.33, 0.85) | 0.49 (0.22, 0.74) | 0.476# | |
| TT (pg/mL) | 353.06 (320.25, 582.95) | 471.40 (311.10, 632.05) | 0.493# | |
| FT (pg/mL) | 7.02 ± 4.63 | 9.97 ± 4.74 | 0.008 * | |
| Prolactin (ng/mL) | 10.53 (8.20, 13.22) | 10.10 (7.78, 13.35) | 0.630# | |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 40.3 (26.8, 101.7) | 23.6 (15.3, 31.6) | < 0.001# |
Data in normal distribution: mean ± SD; non - normal distribution: median (P25, P75)
*Independent-samples T-test was used; # Mann–Whitney U-test was used
Bold font indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)
AC, abdominal circumference; BMI, body mass index; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; FT, free testosterone; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LH, luteinising hormone; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; PDFF, proton density fat fraction; SD, standard deviation; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; TC, total cholesterol; TT, total testosterone