Figure 2.

Overview of gene expression profiles. (A) Transcriptomic microarray analysis with the number of differentially expressed upregulated and downregulated genes in EBV-positive periodontitis tissues (P_EBV vs P_NEG), periodontally healthy EBV-positive tissues (H_EBV vs H_NEG), and gingival tissues affected by periodontal disease (P_NEG vs H_NEG). Log₂ fold change |FC| ≥0.7 and P ≤ 0.05 cutoffs were implemented. (B) Significantly upregulated and downregulated genes identified through transcriptomic microarray analysis in EBV-positive periodontitis (P_EBV vs P_NEG), encompassing changes within epithelial tissue markers, inflammatory and immune response, as well as B-cell and plasma cell profiles. Red indicates upregulation, while green represents downregulation. (C) Venn diagram with top modulated genes for the 3 scenarios. Log₂ |FC| ≥2 and P≤0.05 cutoffs were implemented. EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; H, healthy; NEG, negative; P, periodontitis.