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. 2025 Mar 3;59(9):4618–4630. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10183

Table 3. Rayleigh Number, Ra, and Average Transport Velocity uy,av for the Experiments Presented in This Study Using Rocks and for a Previous Study Using Random Beadpacks with Distinct Bead Sizes37,a.

    Ra (uy,av) uy,av [cm/min]
Bentheimer #1 7924 (2 300) 0.09 (0.02)
#2 10,188 (1 247) 0.07 (0.01)
Boise #1 19,648 (4 987) 0.25 (0.05)
#2 15,719 (3 405) 0.20 (0.03)
Mt gambier #1 8765 (2 316) 0.20 (0.05)
#2 9641 (2 756) 0.22 (0.06)
beads 55 μm 1069 0.02
100 μm 3215 0.06
250 μm 25,423 0.49
a

The values in parentheses represent the computed uncertainties. For uy,av, the uncertainty is calculated as the standard deviation around the mean. The uncertainty in Ra is obtained upon the application of classic rules of error propagation.