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. 2025 Feb 7;44(6):1608–1640. doi: 10.1038/s44318-025-00366-8

Table 1.

Summary of the liver cirrhosis patients with KIF12 genetic mutations.

Patient 1 Patient 2 Patient 3
Sex Male Female Male
Mutation (GRCh38, p13) Chr9:114,095,215 A > G Chr9:114,095,040 G > A Chr9:114,094,351 A > T
Mutation (GRCh37, p13) Chr9:116,857,495 A > G Chr9:116,857,320 G > A Chr9:116,856,631 A > T
dbSNPs rs772936444 rs1847120150
Frequency

A = 0.000008 (2/242310, GnomAD_exome)

A = 0.000014 (2/140212, GnomAD)

T = 0.000007 (1/140110, GnomAD)
Expected amino acid change (NM_138424) p.Met338Thr p.Arg368Ter

c.1222+2 T > A

Splicing donor mutation

Age diagnosed with the disease 11 y.o.–died at 18 y.o. 14 y.o. 20 y.o.
Family history/consanguinity • Parents are first cousins.

• Parents are first cousins.

• A brother died of liver disease.

• Parents are first degree cousins.

• A similarly affected cousin died and later found to be homozygous for the same mutation.

Liver function tests in plasma

• Elevated bilirubin

• Normal albumin

• Elevated ALT, AST

• Elevated bilirubin

• Elevated ALT, AST

• Normal α-fetoprotein

• Normal albumin

• Elevated bilirubin

• Elevated ALT, AST

• Normal α-fetoprotein

• Low albumin

Liver-related sonographic and endoscopic findings

• Hepatosplenomegaly

• Portal hypertension

• No portal thrombosis

• Esophageal varices

• Hepatosplenomegaly

• Portal hypertension

• Esophageal varices

• No portal thrombosis

• No hepatic occlusion

• Hepatosplenomegaly

• Portal hypertension

• Esophgeal varices

• Spontaneous splenorenal shunt

• No hepatic occlusion

• No portal thrombosis

Liver histological findings

• Neutrophil infiltration

• Bridging fibrosis

• Heterogenous liver

• Hepatic fibrosis in infancy

• Cholestasis

• Bridging fibrosis

• Periportal globules, PAS-D positive

• Hepatic fibrosis in infancy

• Cholestasis

• Bridging fibrosis