Table 2.
Nursing hours by nursing activities and RN HPPD according to patient classification for four days (hours, %).
| Variable | Overall∗ | Group 1∗∗(KPCS score 1–5) | Group 2∗∗(KPCS score 6–10) | Group 3∗∗(KPCS score 11–15) | Group 4∗∗(KPCS score 16–20) | Group 5∗∗(KPCS score ≥21) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of inpatients for four observed ∗∗∗days (h, %) | 840 | 164 (19.52) | 257 (30.60) | 216 (25.71) | 117 (13.93) | 86 (10.24) |
| Total nursing care hours for four observed days | ||||||
| Direct care (h, %) | 631.83 (31.16) | 92.83 (100.00) | 156.83 (100.00) | 188.33 (100.00) | 105.00 (100.00) | 81.17 (100.00) |
| Admission | 26.67 (4.22) | 2.00 (2.15) | 6.17 (3.93) | 12.50 (6.64) | 4.17 (3.97) | 1.83 (2.26) |
| Assessment | 152.33 (24.11) | 23.00 (24.78) | 40.00 (25.50) | 46.83 (24.87) | 27.17 (25.87) | 15.33 (18.89) |
| Hygiene | 3.33 (0.53) | 0.50 (0.54) | 0.33 (0.21) | 1.33 (0.71) | 1.00 (0.95) | 0.17 (0.21) |
| Patient mobility | 1.00 (0.16) | 0.33 (0.36) | 0.17 (0.11) | 0.33 (0.18) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.17 (0.21) |
| Medication/IV administration | 268.50 (42.50) | 43.33 (46.68) | 72.33 (46.12) | 69.67 (36.99) | 42.50 (40.48) | 33.00 (40.66) |
| Procedures | 60.67 (9.60) | 4.67 (5.03) | 9.00 (5.74) | 22.83 (12.12) | 12.33 (11.75) | 11.83 (14.58) |
| Specimen collection/testing | 20.50 (3.24) | 2.33 (2.51) | 5.33 (3.40) | 5.67 (3.01) | 3.33 (3.17) | 3.83 (4.72) |
| Nutrition | 1.50 (0.24) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.17 (0.11) | 0.67 (0.35) | 0.17 (0.16) | 0.50 (0.62) |
| Elimination | 9.17 (1.45) | 1.33 (1.44) | 2.67 (1.70) | 2.17 (1.15) | 1.67 (1.59) | 1.33 (1.64) |
| Transporting patient | 11.67 (1.85) | 0.00 (0.00) | 2.17 (1.38) | 3.83 (2.04) | 1.67 (1.59) | 4.00 (4.93) |
| Assisting with procedures | 10.17 (1.61) | 4.33 (4.67) | 1.00 (0.64) | 1.17 (0.62) | 1.33 (1.27) | 2.33 (2.87) |
| Patient/family interaction | 66.33 (10.50) | 11.00 (11.85) | 17.50 (11.16) | 21.33 (11.33) | 9.67 (9.21) | 6.83 (8.42) |
| Indirect care | 1164.00 (57.41) | |||||
| Verbal report/handover | 200.67 (17.23) | |||||
| Communication/information | 103.83 (8.92) | |||||
| Room/equipment setup/cleaning | 7.00 (0.60) | |||||
| Progress notes/computer: data entry/retrieval | 830.00 (71.31) | |||||
| Coordination of care: rounds, team meetings | 22.50 (1.93) | |||||
| Unit-related work | 231.67 (11.43) | |||||
| Teaching/inservice | 7.83 (0.39) | |||||
| Supplies, check, and restock | 95.17 (4.69) | |||||
| Errands | 46.00 (2.27) | |||||
| Meeting and administration | 4.17 (0.21) | |||||
| Clerical | 45.83 (2.26) | |||||
| Environmental cleaning | 32.67 (1.61) | |||||
| Nursing hours per patient day (M ± SD) | 2.35 ± 1.89 | 1.81 ± 1.20 | 2.01 ± 1.36 | 2.63 ± 2.10 | 2.83 ± 2.30 | 3.22 ± 2.65 |
| Direct care | 0.73 ± 0.68 | 0.55 ± 0.45 | 0.61 ± 0.49 | 0.84 ± 0.78 | 0.90 ± 0.80 | 1.01 ± 0.91 |
| Indirect care | 1.35 ± 1.21 | 1.00 ± 0.76 | 1.15 ± 0.87 | 1.51 ± 1.31 | 1.65 ± 1.48 | 1.95 ± 1.74 |
| Unit-related work | 0.27 ± 0.08 | 0.26 ± 0.09 | 0.26 ± 0.09 | 0.28 ± 0.08 | 0.28 ± 0.07 | 0.26 ± 0.06 |
Blank indicates not applicable. M, mean; SD, standard deviation. ∗% of column based on overall nursing activities. ∗∗% of column based on direct nursing care. ∗∗∗% of row.