Table 5.

List of recommendations with grade of recommendation and strength of consensus

No.	GoR	New evidence, consensusa	Recommendation	Status 2022
Trauma team staffing requirements
1	A ⇑⇑	– 100%	Use fixed teams (trauma teams) to provide care to severely injured patients on the basis of pre-structured plans and/or ensure they have completed special training	Confirmed
2	GPP	– 100%	Ensure that an inter-professional trauma team consists of at least two nurses and at least two physicians with appropriate levels of competence in emergency medical care and emergency surgery	Modified
3	GPP	100%	Ensure that it is possible at all times to add other specialists to the trauma team (extended trauma team) depending on the level of care provided by the hospital	Modified
Criteria for trauma team activation
4	A ⇑⇑	[25, 26, 30, 32, 33, 37, 38, 41, 42, 44, 45] 94.4%	Activate the trauma team for patients with any of the following pathological findings after trauma: Airway/breathing (A/B) problem • Respiratory problems (SpO2 < 90%) / requirement for airway management • Respiratory rate < 10 or > 29 breaths per minute Circulation (C) problem • Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg • Heart rate > 120 bpm • Shock index > 0.9 • Positive eFAST Disability (D) problem • GCS score ≤ 12 Exposure (E) problem • Hypothermia < 35.0 °C	New
5	A ⇑⇑	[30, 34, 37, 38, 41, 44] 100%	Activate the trauma team for patients who present with any of the following injuries or have undergone any of the following procedures after trauma: • Flail chest • Mechanically unstable pelvic fracture • Penetrating injuries to the torso or neck region • Traumatic amputation proximal to the wrist or ankle • Sensorimotor deficit after spinal cord injury • Prehospital intervention (requirement for airway management, chest decompression, administration of catecholamines, pericardiocentesis, application of tourniquet)	New
6	B ⇑	[30, 36] 100%	The trauma team should be activated for patients with any of the following injuries after trauma: • More than two proximal long bone fractures • Burns > 20% and ≥ 2b degree	New
7	B ⇑	[30] 100%	The trauma team should be activated based on the following additional criteria: • Fall from a height of more than three metres • Road traffic accident with ejection from vehicle or long bone fracture	New
8	B ⇑	[35, 45] 81.3%	Trauma teams should be activated more readily for geriatric patients	New
9	B ⇑	[35, 36, 45] 100%	The trauma team should also be activated for geriatric patients after relevant trauma when any of the following additional criteria is met: • SBP < 100 mmHg • GCS score ≤ 14 in the presence of known or suspected traumatic brain injury • Two or more injured body regions • Any long bone fracture after road traffic accident	New

GoR, grade of recommendation