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. 2025 Mar 5;17:1520515. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1520515

Table 2.

Demographic characteristics of the multiple system atrophy patients with normal cognition and with cognitive impairment.

MSA-NC group (n = 26) MSA-CI group (n = 18) p-value
Age (years) 58.7 ± 9.3 61.1 ± 6.5 0.347
Sex (male/female) 12/14 6/12 0.395
Education level (years) 9 (7, 12) 8 (6, 10) 0.076
MMSE score 27 (26, 29) 24 (23, 24) <0.001
MSA duration (years) 2.0 (1.0, 2.3) 2.0 (0.9, 4.5) 0.089
UPDRS-III score 35.8 ± 18.4 42.5 ± 17.8 0.233

All data are presented as numbers, means ± standard deviations, or medians (interquartile ranges). MSA-NC, multiple system atrophy with normal cognition; MSA-CI, multiple system atrophy with cognitive impairment; MSA, multiple system atrophy; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; UPDRS-III, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale.