Skip to main content
. 2025 Mar 6;16:1552772. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1552772

Table 2.

The association between NPAR with DKD, low-eGFR and albuminuria.

Models NPAR (Continuous) NPAR (As Quartiles)
OR (95%CI) Q1 (Reference) Q2 Group OR(95%CI) Q3 Group OR(95%CI) Q4 Group OR(95%CI) P for Trend
DKD
Model1 2.29(1.89-2.78)*** 1.00 1.46(1.13-1.89)** 1.74(1.36-2.22)*** 2.68(2.09-3.42)*** <0.001
Model2 2.70(2.19-3.34)*** 1.00 1.45(1.11-1.90)** 1.90(1.46-2.46)*** 3.14(2.40-4.09)*** <0.001
Model3 2.56(2.04-3.22)*** 1.00 1.44(1.08-1.90)* 1.75(1.33-2.31)*** 2.95(2.22-3.93)*** <0.001
low-eGFR
Model1 1.89(1.53-2.34)*** 1.00 1.43(1.02-2.00)* 1.34(0.96-1.86) 2.40(1.76-3.28)*** <0.001
Model2 2.26(1.76-2.91)*** 1.00 1.30(0.90-1.88) 1.40(0.98-2.02) 2.82(1.98-4.03)*** <0.001
Model3 1.94(1.48-2.54)*** 1.00 1.29(0.87-1.91) 1.21(0.82-1.78) 2.36(1.61-3.46)*** <0.001
Albuminuria
Model1 2.12(1.74-2.57)*** 1.00 1.46(1.10-1.94)** 1.93(1.47-2.53)*** 2.73(2.09-3.56)*** <0.001
Model2 2.39(1.95-2.94)*** 1.00 1.48(1.11-1.97)** 2.09(1.59-2.75)*** 3.14(2.38-4.15)*** <0.001
Model3 2.44(1.95-3.06)*** 1.00 1.43(1.06-1.94)* 1.99(1.48-2.67)*** 3.13(2.32-4.23)*** <0.001

OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval.

*p < 0.05.

**p < 0.01.

***p < 0.001.

Model 1: crude model. Model 2: adjusted for demographic characteristics including age, gender, and race. Model 3: further adjusted for age, gender, race, education, marital status, HDL-C, TC, triglycerides, LDL-C, smoking-status, HBP, CVD, BMI, ALT, and AST.