Table 1.
Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics related to obesity in children and adolescents
| Characteristics | Total, N (%) | Non obese, N (%) | Obese, N (%) | Odds ratio, (CI95%) | p-value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic variables | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 452 (49.1) | 420 (49.7) | 32 (42.1) | 1.00 | |
| Male | 469 (50.9) | 425 (50.3) | 44 (57.9) | 1.36 (0.84–2.18) | 0.206 |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 6–9 | 393 (42.7) | 356 (42.1) | 37 (48.7) | 1.00 | |
| 10–17 | 528 (57.3) | 489 (57.9) | 39 (51.3) | 0.77 (0.48–1.23) | 0.270 |
| Skin color | |||||
| White | 288 (31.3) | 270 (31.9) | 18 (23.7) | 1.00 | |
| Brown | 426 (46.2) | 387 (45.8) | 39 (51.3) | 1.51 (0.85–2.70) | 0.162 |
| Black | 207 (22.5) | 188 (22.3) | 19 (25.0) | 1.52 (0.77–2.97) | 0.224 |
| School | |||||
| Private | 124 (13.5) | 118 (14.0) | 6 (7.9) | 1.00 | |
| Public | 797 (86.5) | 727 (86.0) | 70 (92.1) | 1.89 (0.80–4.46) | 0.144 |
| Family income | |||||
| > 10 MW | 40 (4.3) | 39 (4.6) | 1 (1.2) | 1.00 | |
| 4–10 MW | 146 (15.7) | 136 (16.0) | 10 (12.3) | 2.87 (0.36–23.10) | 0.322 |
| 2–4 MW | 250 (26.9) | 222 (26.2) | 28 (34.6) | 4.92 (0.65–37.21) | 0.123 |
| ≤ 2 MW | 493 (53.1) | 451 (53.2) | 42 (51.9) | 3.63 (0.49–27.11) | 0.209 |
| Schooling of the chief of family | |||||
| High | 194 (21.1) | 181 (21.4) | 13 (17.1) | 1.00 | |
| Medium | 557 (60.5) | 512 (60.6) | 45 (59.2) | 1.22 (0.54–2.32) | 0.536 |
| Low | 170 (18.4) | 152 (17.8) | 18 (23.7) | 1.67 (0.79–3.52) | 0.177 |
| Clinical variables | |||||
| Gestational age (in weeks) | |||||
| ≥ 37 | 832 (91.6) | 762 (91.5) | 70 (93.3) | 1.00 | |
| < 37 | 76 (8.4) | 71 (8.5) | 5 (6.7) | 0.77 (0.30–1.96) | 0.579 |
| Birth weight (in grams) | |||||
| 2.500–4.000 | 776 (87.5) | 712 (87.8) | 64 (86.5) | 1.00 | |
| < 2.500 | 78 (8.8) | 74 (9.1) | 4 (5.4) | 0.60 (0.21–1.70) | 0.337 |
| ≥ 4.000 | 31 (3.5) | 25 (3.1) | 6 (8.1) | 2.67 (1.06–6.75) | 0.038 |
| Breast-feeding | |||||
| Exclusive | 617 (67.0) | 569 (67.3) | 48 (63.2) | 1.00 | |
| Complemented | 220 (23.9) | 199 (23.6) | 21 (27.6) | 1.25 (0.73–2.14) | 0.414 |
| Formula milk | 84 (9.1) | 77 (9.1) | 7 (9.2) | 1.08 (0.47–2.47) | 0.859 |
| Family history of diseases | |||||
| Dyslipidemia | 148 (16.1) | 135 (15.6) | 13 (17.1) | 1.08 (0.58–2.03) | 0.797 |
| Obesity | 364 (39.5) | 311 (36.8) | 53 (69.7) | 3.96 (2.38–6.58) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 88 (9.6) | 73 (8.6) | 15 (19.7) | 2.60 (1.41–4.80) | 0.002 |
Legend: MW: minimum wage; CI: Confidence Interval
ap-value corresponding to the Pearson’s chi-square test