Table 2. Clinical presentation, medical management, and initial laboratory test.
| Total (n = 567) | Robust (n = 316) | Prefrail (n = 183) | Frail (n = 68) | P-value | |
| Results are shown as n (%), mean ± SD or median (IQR). CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; ECG: electrocardiogram; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1C; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NSTEMI: non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction. | |||||
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| Prior rest chest pain | 385 (67.9%) | 206 (65.2%) | 125 (68.3%) | 54 (79.4%) | 0.074 |
| Initial ECG | 0.006 | ||||
| Normal | 233 (41.1%) | 147 (46.5%) | 62 (33.9%) | 24 (35.3%) | |
| Negative T wave | 117 (20.6%) | 67 (21.2%) | 31 (16.9%) | 19 (27.9%) | |
| ST segment depression | 161 (28.4%) | 74 (23.4%) | 66 (36.1%) | 21 (30.9%) | |
| Others | 56 (9.9%) | 28 (8.9%) | 24 (13.1%) | 4 (5.9%) | |
| Transient ST elevation | 40 (7.1%) | 24 (7.6%) | 13 (7.1%) | 3 (4.4%) | 0.65 |
| Non-STEMI diagnosis | 436 (76.9%) | 244 (77.2%) | 143 (78.1%) | 49 (72.1%) | 0.58 |
| Killip ≥ II classification | 89 (15.8%) | 29 (9.2%) | 40 (21.9%) | 20 (29.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Malignant arrythmia | 3 (0.5%) | 0 | 3 (1.6%) | 0 | 0.043 |
| Refractory angina | 16 (2.8%) | 11 (3.5%) | 4 (2.2%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0.54 |
| High-risk NSTEMI | 458 (80.8%) | 253 (80.1%) | 152 (83.1%) | 53 (77.9%) | 0.59 |
| Therapeutic management | |||||
| P2Y12i pretreatment | 385 (68.0%) | 203 (64.2%) | 136 (74.7%) | 46 (67.6%) | 0.054 |
| P2Y12i type | 0.002 | ||||
| Clopidogrel | 223 (57.9%) | 99 (48.8%) | 93 (68.4%) | 31 (67.4%) | |
| Prasugrel | 8 (2.1%) | 4 (2.0%) | 2 (1.5%) | 2 (4.3%) | |
| Ticagrelor | 154 (40.0%) | 100 (49.3%) | 41 (30.1%) | 13 (28.3%) | |
| Time from diagnosis to angiography, hours | 67 (19–76) | 69 (19–76) | 60 (17–73) | 76 (26–94) | 0.11 |
| Urgent angiography (< 24 h) | 186 (32.8%) | 110 (34.8%) | 62 (33.9%) | 14 (20.6%) | 0.071 |
| Initial TIMI flow < 3 | 167 (29.7%) | 87 (27.8%) | 53 (29.1%) | 27 (39.7%) | 0.15 |
| Multivessel disease | 341 (60.1%) | 190 (60.1%) | 112 (61.2%) | 39 (57.4%) | 0.86 |
| Left main disease | 98 (17.5%) | 57 (18.3%) | 36 (19.8%) | 5 (7.5%) | 0.065 |
| Treatment decision | 0.13 | ||||
| CABG | 63 (11.1%) | 41 (13.0%) | 20 (10.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | |
| PCI | 441 (77.8%) | 245 (77.5%) | 140 (76.5%) | 56 (82.4%) | |
| Medical | 63 (11.1%) | 30 (9.5%) | 23 (12.6%) | 10 (14.7%) | |
| Hospitalization unit | 0.019 | ||||
| Intensive care unit | 82 (14.5%) | 41 (13.0%) | 34 (18.6%) | 7 (10.3%) | |
| Coronary unit | 162 (28.6%) | 93 (29.4%) | 55 (30.1%) | 14 (20.6%) | |
| Cardiology ward | 267 (47.1%) | 156 (49.4%) | 76 (41.5%) | 35 (51.5%) | |
| Emergency unit | 38 (6.7%) | 22 (7.0%) | 9 (4.9%) | 7 (10.3%) | |
| Others | 18 (3.2%) | 4 (1.3%) | 9 (4.9%) | 5 (7.4%) | |
| Laboratory test | |||||
| Hemoglobin, mg/dL | 13.8 (12.6–14.8) | 14 (13–14.9) | 13.5 (12.3–14.8) | 13 (11.3–13.9) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.93 (0.78–1.2) | 0.89 (0.77–1.1) | 0.97 (0.8–1.3) | 1.02 (0.86–1.43) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (n = 478) | 149 (123–180) | 152 (131–184) | 141.5 (110-180) | 142 (116–170) | 0.008 |
| Triglycerides (n = 478) | 114 (85–150) | 111 (86.5–147.5) | 118 (83–153) | 129 (100–173) | 0.16 |
| LDL-C (n = 478) | 81 (59–111) | 88 (68–113.5) | 75 (51.2–107) | 71 (55–81) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (n =478) | 40 (34–47) | 40 (35–47) | 41 (34–50) | 38 (32–46) | 0.27 |
| HbA1c (n = 434) | 6 (5.6–6.9) | 5.9 (5.6–6.8) | 6 (5.6–6.9) | 6.7 (5.9–7.3) | 0.008 |
| Echocardiography findings | |||||
| LVEF, % | 54.9 ± 10.2 | 57.0 ± 8.8 | 52.5 ± 11.3 | 52.1 ± 11.2 | < 0.001 |
| Mitral regurgitation ≥ 2 | 50 (8.9%) | 24 (7.7%) | 20 (11.0%) | 6 (9.0%) | 0.45 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ 2 | 21 (3.8%) | 5 (1.6%) | 12 (6.7%) | 4 (6.0%) | 0.010 |