| ABC | ATP-Binding Cassette |
| ADC | Antibody–Drug Conjugate |
| AFH | Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma |
| AI | Artificial Intelligence |
| AKT | Protein Kinase B |
| ALL | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
| ALK | Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase |
| ALV | Avian Leukosis Virus |
| AML | Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
| APC | Adenomatous Polyposis Coli |
| AS-PCR | Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| BAD | Bcl-2-Associated Death Promoter |
| BCG | Bacillus Calmette–Guerin |
| BCRP | Breast Cancer Resistance Protein |
| Bcl-2 | B-cell Lymphoma-2 |
| bp | Base Pairs |
| BRCA1 | Breast Cancer Gene 1 |
| CAF | Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts |
| CAD | Computer-Aided Diagnoses |
| CAR | Chimeric Antigen Receptor |
| Cas9 | CRISPR-associated Endonuclease 9 |
| Cas9n | Cas9 Mutant Nickase |
| CCNE | Cyclin E |
| CDK | Cyclin-Dependent Kinase |
| CDKN2A | Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A |
| cDNA | Complementary DNA |
| c-MYC | Cellular Myelocytomatosis Oncogene |
| CKI | Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors |
| CNN | Convolutional Neural Network |
| CML | Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia |
| CNV | Copy Number Variations |
| CRS | Cytokine Release Syndrome |
| CRISPR | Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats |
| CTNNB1 | Catenin-Beta-1 |
| CTCs | Circulating Tumor Cells |
| ctDNA | Circulating Tumor DNA |
| DAMP | Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns |
| DC | Dendritic Cell |
| DEL | Double-Expression Lymphoma |
| DLBCL | Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| DNMT | DNA Methyltransferase |
| DVL | Disheveled Protein |
| ECM | Extracellular Matrix |
| EGF | Epidermal Growth Factor |
| EFGR | Epidermal Growth Factor |
| ELCAP | Early Lung Cancer Action Program |
| EMT | Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition |
| ERK | Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase |
| EWSR1 | EWS RNA-Binding Protein 1 |
| EVs | Extracellular Vesicles |
| FACS | Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting |
| FASTK | Fas-Activated Serine/Threonine Kinase |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| FFPE | Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded |
| FL | Follicular Lymphoma |
| FOXO | Forkhead Box O |
| GAC | Gastric Adenocarcinoma |
| GADD45 | Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible 45 |
| GEF | Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors |
| GEJ | Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma |
| GIST | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor |
| GOF | Gain of Function |
| GSK-3β | Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β |
| H2AW | H2A.W Histone |
| H3K27me3 | Trimethylation of Histone H3 at Lysine 27 |
| HCC | Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| HER2 | Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 |
| HL | Hodgkin Lymphoma |
| HPV | Human Papillomavirus |
| HR+ | Hormone Receptor Positive (Estrogen and Progesterone) |
| IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| EEF1D | Eukaryotic Translation Elongation Factor 1 Delta |
| IFNγ | Interferon gamma |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 |
| IGFALS | Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein Acid Labile Subunit |
| IL-2 | Interleukin 2 |
| kbp | Kilobase Pairs |
| LIDC | Lung Image Database Consortium |
| LOF | Loss of Function |
| LOH | Loss of Heterozygosity |
| MAPK | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase |
| mbp | Megabase Pairs |
| MCL | Mantle Cell Lymphoma |
| mCRPC | Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer |
| MDM2 | Murine Double Minute 2 |
| MDMX | Murine Double Minute X |
| MEK | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase |
| ML | Machine Learning |
| MMEJ | Microhomology-Mediated End Joining |
| miRNA | MicroRNAs |
| MLH1 | MutL Protein Homolog 1 |
| MM | Multiple Myeloma |
| MMPs | Matrix Metalloproteinases |
| MRP | Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins |
| MRD | Minimal Residual Disease |
| mtDNA | Mitochondrial DNA |
| mTORC2 | mTOR Complex 2 |
| NGS | Next-Generation Sequencing |
| NK | Natural Killer |
| NMIBC | Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer |
| NSCLC | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| PARP1 | Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase |
| PIP2 | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate |
| PIP3 | Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate |
| PLAT | Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator |
| PDK1 | 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 |
| POLQ | DNA Polymerase Theta |
| POLR3K | RNA Polymerase III Subunit K |
| PP1 | Protein Phosphatase |
| PRC2 | Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 |
| PTCL | Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma |
| PTEN | Phosphate and Tensin Homolog |
| PTPRN | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type N |
| p21 | CDKN1A |
| pNET | Primitive Neuro-Ectodermal Tumor |
| RCC | Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| RIT | Radioimmunotherapy |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| RSV | Rous Sarcoma Virus |
| RTK | Receptor Tyrosine Kinases |
| sgRNA | Single Guide RNA |
| SSB | Single-Stranded Breaks |
| SNP | Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism |
| SNV | Single Nucleotide Variants |
| TAM | Tumor-Associated Macrophage |
| TAA | Tumor-Associated Antigen |
| TCGA | The Cancer Genome Atlas |
| TGFβ1 | Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 |
| TNBC | Triple-Negative Breast Cancer |
| TNF | Tumor Necrosis Factor |
| TSA | Tumor-Specific Antigen |
| TS | Targeted Sequencing |
| TME | Tumor Microenvironment |
| T-VEC | Talimogene Laherparepvec |
| VAF | Variant Allele Frequency |
| VCAN | Versican |
| VEGF | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |
| WES | Whole Exome Sequencing |
| WGS | Whole Genome Sequencing |
| WHO | World Health Organization |