AMPK	Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
CAC	Colitis-associated cancer
DC	Dendritic cell
DSS	Dextran sodium sulfate
DOX	Doxorubicin
EV	Extracellular vesicle
FimA	Fimbriae A
GIT	Gastrointestinal tract
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
HSP	Heat shock protein
IAV	Influenza A virus
IBS	Irritable bowel syndrome
IEC	Intestinal epithelial cell
IL	Interleukin
LDLRAP1	Low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
miRNA	microRNA
mRNA	messenger RNA
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
MV	Membrane vesicles
MVB	Multivesicular body
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-κB
Nrf-2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NS1	Nonstructural protein 1
PA	Phosphatidic acid
PB2	Polymerase basic protein 2
PCOS	Polycystic ovary syndrome
PDEV	Plant-derived extracellular vesicle
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinases
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TNBC	Triple-negative breast cancer
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TRAIL	TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
TYR	Tyrosine
GC	Guanine-cytosine
ITGB3	Integrin beta-3
PDGFRB	Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta
Lgr5	Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5
TCF4	Transcription factor 4
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase
AKT	Protein kinase B
ALT	Alanine aminotransferase
AST	Aspartate aminotransferase
CCR2	CC chemokine receptor type 2
CCR5	CC chemokine receptor type 5
CCR6	CC chemokine receptor type 6
ZNF773	Zinc finger protein 773
KMT2C	Lysine N-methyltransferase 2C
ACAN	Aggrecan
SOX9	SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9
COMP	Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
COL	Collagen
HUVEC	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
PGC1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α
TRP	Tyrosinase-related protein-1
NLRP3	Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3
FLG	Filaggrin
AQP3	Aquaporin 3
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
LGG	Low-grade glioma
Cdc42	Cell division control protein 42 homolog
Trkb	Tropomyosin receptor kinase B
GPX4	Glutathione peroxidase 4
ASBT	Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
PPAR-α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
UCP1	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1
PRDM16	PR domain-containing 16
CPT	Carnitine palmitoyltransferase
SREBP1-c	Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c
CD	Cluster of differentiation
ACC	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
LXR	Liver X receptor
Cebpα	CCAAT enhancer binding protein
Th17	T helper 17
JAK-STAT	Janus kinase signal transduction and activation of transcription
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
MLE-12	Mouse lung type II epithelial cell line
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
Mef2D	Myocyte enhancer factor 2D