| VAS | Visual Analogue Scale |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| LBP | Low Back Pain |
| NSAID | Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug |
| CLBP | Chronic Low Back Pain |
| COX | Cyclooxygenase |
| GABAA | Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor |
| API | Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient |
| EU | European Union |
| RCT | Randomized Controlled Trial |
| RoB2 | Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 Tool |
| NOS | Newcastle-Ottawa Scale |
| GRADE | Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations |
| ODI | Oswestry Disability Index |
| ODQ | Oswestry Disability Questionnaire |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| AE | Adverse Event |
| ITT | Intention-To-Treat |
| VNS | Visual Numeric Scale |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| NRS | Numerical Rating Scale |
| FFD | Finger-to-Floor Distance |
| FDC | Fixed-Dose Combination |
| SPID | Sum of Pain Intensity Difference |
| DN4 | Douleur Neuropathique score |
| SD | Standard Deviation |
| CI | Confidence Interval |
| TEAE | Treatment-Emergent Adverse Event |
| MID | Minimally Important Difference |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |