2B3T	Two-bed, three-tower pure water system
2CP	2-Chlorophenol
2NP	2-Nitrophenol
3,5-DABA	3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid
4CP	4-Chlorophenol
4NP	4-Nitrophenol
AC	Activated carbon
AE	Alkyl ethoxylate
AEO	Alcohol ethoxylate
AOM	Algal organic matter
AOP	Advanced oxidation process
APA	Aromatic polyamide
APEO	Alkylphenol ethoxylate
APT	Aminopentane
ATD	Anti-telescoping device
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
ATR	Attenuated total reflection
BAC	Benzalkonium chloride
BPA	Bisphenol A
BSA	Bovine serum albumin
BTEX	Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes
BWRO	Brackish water reverse osmosis
CA	Cellulose acetate
CAPB	Cocamidopropyl betaine
CAR	Carboxen
CEB	Chemical-enhanced backwash
CF	Cartridge filter
CIP	Cleaning in place
CMC	Critical micelle concentration
CMCL	Carboxymethyl cellulose
COD	Chemical oxygen demand
CTA	Cellulose triacetate
CTAB	Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
CTAC	Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride
CTBD	Cooling tower blowdown
DAF	Dissolved air flotation
DBP	Disinfection byproduct
DCC	Dichloroisocyanurate
DCHP	Dicyclohexyl phthalate
DCP	2,4-Dichlorophenol
DEHP	Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate
DEP	Diethyl phthalate
DMAc	N,N-Dimethylacetamide
DMF	N,N-Dimethylformamide
DMP	Dimethyl phthalate
DMSO	Dimethyl sulfoxide
DnBP	Dibutyl phthalate
DNP	2, 4-Dinitrophenol
DO	Dissolved oxygen
DOC	Dissolved organic carbon
DOM	Dissolved organic matter
DOP	Dioctyl phthalate
DP	Differential pressure
DTAB	Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
DVB	Divinylbenzene
E260	UV absorbance at 260 nm
ED	Electrodialysis
EDTA	Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EEM	Excitation/emission matrix
EfOM	Effluent organic matter
EG	Ethylene glycol
EPS	Extracellular polymeric substances
ESCA	Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis
FAC	Fibrous activated carbon
GFPD	Flat panel display
FRP	Fiber-reinforced plastic
FT-IR	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
GAC	Granular activated carbon
GC	Gas Chromatography
gfd	Gallons/ft2/day
GMA	Glycidyl methacrylate
GWRS	Groundwater Replenishment System
HA	Humic acid
HEM	n-Hexane Extractable Material
HLB	Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Balance
HPM	High-pressure membrane
HPO	Hydrophobic
HS-SPME	Headspace solid-phase microextraction
ICP	Inductively coupled plasma
ICR	Information Collection Rule
IEX	Ion exchange
IPA	Isopropanol
IR	Infrared
LAS	Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate
LbL	Layer-by-layer
LC-OCD	Liquid chromatography—organic carbon detection
LES	Lauryl ether sulfate
LMH	L/m2/h
LMW	Low molecular weight
LMWOCs	Low-molecular-weight organic compounds
log Dow	Logarithm of the pH-dependent n-octanol/water distribution coefficient
log p	Logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient
LOI	Loss on ignition
LP	Low pressure
LPM	Low-pressure membrane
MBR	Membrane bioreactor
MF	Microfiltration
MeOH	Methanol
MFI	Modified fouling index
MMF	Multi-media filter
MPD	m-phenylenediamine
MS	Membrane softening
MTCw	Water mass transfer coefficients
MW	Molecular weight
MWCO	Molecular weight cut-off
NBS	4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride
NDMA	N-nitrosodimethylamine
NF	Nanofiltration
NMP	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
NOM	Natural organic matter
NP	Nitrophenol
OCWD	Orange County Water District
ORP	Oxidation–reduction potential
O&G	Oil and grease
O&M	Operation and maintenance
PA	Polyamide
PAC	Powdered activated carbon
PALS	Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
PAN	Polyacrylonitrile
PASP	Polyaspartic acid
PDMS	Polydimethylsiloxane
PEC	Polyelectrolyte complex
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
PEI	Polyethyleneimine
PEO	Polyethylene oxide
PES	Polyether sulfone
PFAS	Perfluoroalkyl substances
PFOS	Perfluorooctane sulfonate
PG	Propylene glycol
PHE	Phenol
pKa	Acid dissociation constant
PMSP	Poly(1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne)
POE	Polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether
polyDADMAC	Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride
PP	Polypropylene
PPA	Piperazine polyamide
PPCPs	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products
PPO	Polyphenylene oxide
PSF	Polysulfone
PSS-Na	Polystyrene sulfonate
PT-A	Polyvinyl methyl ether
PT-B	Tannic acid
PTFE	Polytetrafluoroethylene
PV	Pervaporation
PVA	Polyvinyl alcohol
PVAM	Polyvinylamidine
PVDF	Polyvinylidene fluoride
PVME	Polyvinyl methyl ether
PVP	Polyvinylpyrrolidone
RJA	Rejuvenation agent
RBSMT	Rapid bench-scale membrane test
RO	Reverse osmosis
SBS	Sodium bisulfite
SDBD	Sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate
SDGs	Sustainable development goals
SDI	Silt density index
SDS	Sodium dodecyl sulfate
SEM	Scanning electron microscopy
SES	Swelling–embedding–shrinking
SGPW	Shale gas-produced water
SMPs	Soluble microbial products
SO	Sodium oleate
SOC	Synthetic organic compound
STPP	Sodium tripolyphosphate
SULP	Super ultra-low pressure
SUVA	Specific UV absorbance
SWRO	Seawater reverse osmosis
TBP	Tributyl phosphate
TCP	2,4,6-trichlorophenol
TDS	Total dissolved solids
TEP	Transparent exopolymer particles
TFC	Thin-film composite
TFN	Thin-film nanocomposite
TGA	Thermo gravimetric analysis
THM	Trihalomethane
TMC	Trimesoyl chloride
TMP	Transmembrane pressure
TOC	Total organic carbon
TPI	Transphilic
TSP	Trisodium phosphate
UF	Ultrafiltration
ULP	Ultra-low pressure
UPW	Ultrapure water
USEPA	US Environmental Protection Agency
XAD	Polymeric adsorbent resin
WBMWD	West Basin Municipal Water District
WF-21	Water Factory 21
WOCS	Weathered oil-contaminated seawater