| biomarker | biological compound produced in the body indicating disease |
| epigenetic | marks and changes (e.g., methylation, acetylation) to genetic machinery by environmental stimuli; not mutation |
| incidence | the rate of individuals diagnosed with a disease at a given time |
| liquid biopsy | analysis of bodily fluids to detect biomarkers of disease |
| sensitivity | ability for a test to indicate individuals with disease |
| specificity | ability for a test to indicate individuals without a disease |
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