| EOS | Essential oils |
| CC-EO | Carum carvi essential oil |
| LGT | Lateral gene transfer |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus |
| MDR | Multidrug resistance |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| MALDI-TOF | Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| AMR | Antimicrobial resistance |
| GC-MS | Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
| IZD | Inhibition zone diameters |
| EMA | European medicines agency |
| AR-ISS | National surveillance of antibiotic resistance |