NPs	Nanoparticles
EDL	Electrical Double Layer
CT	Computed tomography
CVD	Cardiovascular diseases
WHO	World Health Organization
cTnI	Cardiac troponin I
LSPR	Localized surface plasmon resonance
SERS	Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
ELISA	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
hs-cTnT	High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T
PhC	Photonic crystal
CSWCNs	Carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes
Myo	Myoglobin
BNP	B-type natriuretic peptide
h-FABP	Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein
AMI	Acute myocardial infarction
AIENPs	Aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles
ECL	Electrochemiluminescence
NT-proBNP	N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide
POC	Point-of-care
GNPs	Gold nanoparticles
PCT	Procalcitonin
IL-6	Interleukin-6
SA-B-HRP	Streptavidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase
MIS	Microfluidic immunoassay system
SA	Streptavidin
B	Biotin
HRP	Horseradish peroxidase
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
PD	Parkinson’s disease
MS	Multiple sclerosis
Aβ	Amyloid β
P-tau	Phosphorylated tau protein
GFAP	Glial fibrillary acidic protein
NanoPADs	Microfluidic device for SERS immunoassay based on nanocellulose paper
AgNPs	Silver nanoparticles
PS	Polystyrene
AuNPs	Gold nanoparticles
OECT	Organic electrochemical transistor
μf-OECT	Microfluidic integrated organic electrochemical transistor
ApoE	Apolipoprotein E
SPE	Screen-printed electrodes
Streptavidin-QD655	Streptavidin-quantum dots655
CTCs	Circulating tumor cells
ctDNA	Circulating tumor DNA
DEP	Dielectrophoresis
PDMS	Polydimethylsiloxane
AuNCAs	Au nanocone arrays
SPM	Superparamagnetic
P-mesh	Padlock probes-conjugated nanomesh
EVs	Extracellular vesicles
CLD7	Claudin7
CRC	Colorectal cancer
MIL-125-NH2	Materials Institute Lavoisier
hnRNPA1	Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1
S100P	S100 calcium-binding protein P
AuNCA	Au nanocrown array
MMP-9	Matrix metalloproteinase-9
Fe3O4@AuNPs	Gold-coated iron tetroxide particles
AuNCs	Gold nanocages
CEA	Carcinoembryonic antigen
ZnMn2O4@rGO	ZnMn2o4@reduced graphene oxide
MFC	Microfluidic chip
RGNps	Resveratrol gold nanoparticles
CGNps	Citrate gold nanoparticles
HUVECs	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
pNPs	Polystyrene nanoparticles
GCPIH	Glycol chitosan-polypyrrole-iron oxide-heparin
tPA	Tissue plasminogen activator
tPA-DPNs	Tpa-discoidal polymeric nanoconstructs
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
μBBB	Blood–brain barrier microfluidic model
Tf@pSiNPs	Transferrin-functionalized porous silicon nanoparticles
BSA@pSiNPs	Bovine Serum Albumin-functionalized porous silicon
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme
CDDP	Cisplatin
TMZ	Temozolomide
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
POM	Polyoxometalates
D-T7/Tet1-lipids@PL	D-T7/Tet1-lipids@PLGA-Lamotrigine nanoparticles
LTG	Lamotrigine
U87-MG	Glioblastoma multiforme
DTXL	Docetaxel
DTXL-SPN	Docetaxel-spherical polymeric nanoparticles
HA	Hyaluronic acid
GEM	Gemcitabine
IMQ	Imiquimod
IMQ-HA-GEM	Hyaluronic acid-gemcitabine-imiquimod
GelMA	Gelatin methacryloyl
MUC1	Mucin1
HGNs	Hollow gold nanoshells
HGNs@anti-MUC1	PEG
PTT	Photothermal therapy
TVOC	Tumor vasculature-on-a-chip
ECM	Extracellular matrix
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
PEG-PLGA NPs	Poly(ethylene glycol))/poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles
FA	Folic acid
TMOC	Tumor microenvironment-on-a-Chip
PTX	Paclitaxel
PTX-PLGA-SH NPs	PTX-loaded nanoparticles
LIG	Laser-induced graphene
FC-ZnONRs	Flower cluster-shaped zinc oxide nanorods
H2O2	Hydrogen peroxide
MoS2-X	Molybdenum disulfide with sulfur vacancies
CNTs	Carbon nanotubes
TiO2	Titanium dioxide
CNTs/MoS2-X/TiO2	Carbon Nanotubes/Molybdenum Disulfide with Sulfur Vacancies/Titanium Dioxide
MXene/MWCNT	Mxene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
CRP	C-reactive protein
GO	Graphene oxide
Fe3O4-GO	Iron (III) oxide-Graphene Oxide
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
Ch-SPIONs	Chitosan-superparamagnetic iron oxide composite nanoparticles
HDL	High-density lipoprotein
AI	Artificial intelligence
IVD	In vitro diagnostic products
U.S. FDA	U.S. Food and Drug Administration
LNPs	Lipid nanoparticles
MNPs	Magnetic nanoparticles
DI	Deformation index
RBCs	Red blood cells