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. 2025 Feb 14;134(4):917–1008. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2025.01.015

Recommendation Table 2.

Recommendations for a console with pumps and holders

Recommendations Class a Level b Ref c
It is recommended that pressure monitoring devices be used on the arterial line (pre- and post-oxygenator) and on cardioplegia delivery systems during CPB. I C -
During CPB procedures, a bubble detector is recommended on all lines going to the patient. I C -
It is recommended to use a level sensor on the (hardshell) reservoir. I C -
It is recommended that backups for vital systems or an additional complete heart-lung machine be available at all times. I C -
A maintenance plan for CPB equipment is recommended. I C -
The use of centrifugal arterial pumps should be considered for improved haemocompatibility and safety. IIa C 42

CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass.

a

Class of recommendation.

b

Level of evidence.

c

References.