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. 2025 Mar 14;16:1526694. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1526694

Table 2.

Association of the quartiles of UACR with kidney stone.

Exposure Crude model Model 1 Model 2
OR (95% CI) P value OR (95% CI) P value OR (95% CI) P value
UACR 1.03 (1.01,1.04) <0.0001 1.02 (1.00,1.03) 0.01 1.01 (1.00,1.03) 0.04
UACR quartile
 Quartile1 [0.25,4.32] 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Quartile2 (4.32,6.34] 1.12 (0.92,1.37) 0.26 1.10 (0.90,1.34) 0.36 1.12 (0.91,1.38) 0.28
 Quartile3 (6.34,10.11] 1.41 (1.14,1.73) 0.002 1.35 (1.09,1.68) 0.01 1.35 (1.08,1.70) 0.01
 Quartile4 (10.11,29.91] 1.54 (1.23,1.94) <0.001 1.40 (1.10,1.79) 0.01 1.36 (1.04,1.77) 0.02
P for trend <0.0001 <0.001 0.01

Crude model: unadjusted model.

Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, race, education levels, marital status, poverty ratio.

Model 2: Additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, alcohol user, recreational activity, sitting time, eGFR, uric acid, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and CVD.

UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.