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. 2025 Mar 11;6(1):103694. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2025.103694

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Sparse driver system in various applications

(A–E) Examples of single DA1-ORN axons (green) innervating the ipsilateral antennal lobe in different stages. Axonal exuberant branches that contact target DA1-PN dendrites (magenta) are eventually stabilized, showing a stabilization-upon-contact manner. Arrows, non-DA1-PN-contacting (OFF-target) branches; arrowheads, DA1-PN-contacting (ON-target) branches.

(F, G) FlyWire tracings of DA1-lPNs and DA1-vPN from the left hemisphere (F), with a magnified view at the lateral horn (yellow box), to visualize their stereotyped axon branching patterns (G).

(H-H″) Representative confocal images of trans-Tango-mediated trans-synaptic tracing from DA1-PNs. Green, ORN axons; magenta, postsynaptic neurons labeled by trans-Tango, which include dendrites of local interneurons and more intensely labeled DA1-PNs in the antennal lobe (H, H′) and DA1-PN axons in the lateral horn (H″). Dashed outlines, antennal lobe.

(I, I′) Representative confocal images of the F-actin distribution (I, magenta; I′, heatmap based on Halo-Moesin staining) in a control DA1-ORN axon (I, green). Arrows, non-DA1-PN-contacting subregion; arrowheads, F-actin hotspots. Dashed white traces outline DA1-PN dendrites.

(J, J′) Representative confocal images of the F-actin distribution in a Ten-m overexpressing DA1-ORN axon (targeting to the DL3 glomerulus). Labels are the same as I and I’. D, dorsal; L, lateral. NCad (N-cadherin) is a general neuropil marker.