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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Mar 28.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS Behav. 2021 Mar 18;25(12):3898–3908. doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03230-y

Table 3.

Intent to Treat Analysis of Domain Specific Training Effects on Other Cognitive Domains

Cognitive Domains
Speed of Processing Attention Verbal Learning and Memory Delayed Verbal Memory Executive Functioning Spatial Learning and Memory Delayed Spatial Memory Spatial Visualization
Cognitive Training n trained n control d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value] d [t(df), p-value]

Speed of Processing 22 19 −0.88 [−2.65(39), 0.01] −0.67 [−2.63(39), 0.01] −0.63 [−2.29(39), 0.03] −0.62 [−2.29(39), 0.03] −0.7 [−2.63(39), 0.01] −0.2 [−0.71(39), 0.48] −0.31 [−1.05(39), 0.30] −0.17 [−0.71(39), 0.48]
Attention 16 17 −0.43 [−1.66(31), 0.11] −0.45 [−1.06(31), 0.30] −0.37 [−1.72(31), 0.10] −0.51 [−2.05(31), 0.05] −0.76 [−2.38(31), 0.02] −0.24 [−0.65(31), 0.52] −0.45 [−1.38(31), 0.18] −0.06 [−0.22(31), 0.83]
Verbal Learning and Memory 15 9 0.28 [1.02(22), 0.32] 0.29 [0.67(22), 0.51] 0.1 [0.19(22), 0.85] 0.26 [0.55(22), 0.59] 0.12 [0.24(22), 0.81], −0.03 [−0.09(22), 0.93] −0.04 [−0.11(22), 0.91] −0.16 [−0.47(22), 0.64]
Delayed Verbal Memory 13 10 −0.74 [−1.77(21), 0.09] −0.16 [−0.56(21), 0.58] 0.27 [0.45(42), 0.66] 0.35 [0.71(21), 0.48] −0.67 [−1.66(21), 0.11] 0.18 [0.6(21), 0.56] −0.1 [−0.38(21), 0.71] −0.12 [−0.29(21), 0.78]
Executive Function 4 5 −0.56 [−2.63(7), 0.03] −1.24 [−1.97(7), 0.09] −0.12 [−0.13(7), 0.90] −1.06 [−1.11(14) ,0.28] −0.89 [−0.99(7), 0.35] −0.4 [−0.53(7), 0.61] −0.46 [−0.8(7), 0.45] −0.17 [−0.47(7), 0.65]
Spatial Learning and Memory 8 8 −0.94 [−2.31(14), 0.04] 0.17 [0.28(14), 0.79] 0.14 [0.45(14), 0.66] −0.5 [−1.26(14), 0.23] −0.95 [−1.5(14), 0.16] −0.71 [−1.54(14), 0.15] 0.14 [0.42(14), 0.68] −0.06 [−0.13(14), 0.90]
Delayed Spatial Memory 8 5 −0.56 [−1.57(11), 0.14] −0.76 [−2.93(11), 0.01] −0.09 [−0.19(11), 0.85] 0.29 [0.74(11), 0.47] −0.27 [−0.47(11), 0.65] 0.21 [0.3(11), 0.77] −0.32 [−0.48(11), 0.64] 0.1 [0.29(11), 0.78]
Spatial Visualization 10 7 −0.28 [−1.22(15), 0.24] −0.25 [−0.52(15), 0.61] −0.23 [−0.56(15), 0.58] −0.34 [−0.71(15), 0.49] 0.72 [1.64(15), 0.12] −0.25 [−0.57(15), 0.58] 0.27 [0.7(15), 0.50] −0.06 [−0.11(15), 0.91]

Notes. Training effects of participants in the intervention group were compared pretest and posttest to participants at baseline that also had the same cognitive domain deficit. Effect size d = Cohen's d. For comparison purposes, controls in this analysis were compared to treatment group as if they were assigned a similar hypothetical assignment.