Table 3.
Intent to Treat Analysis of Domain Specific Training Effects on Other Cognitive Domains
| Cognitive Domains |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speed of Processing | Attention | Verbal Learning and Memory | Delayed Verbal Memory | Executive Functioning | Spatial Learning and Memory | Delayed Spatial Memory | Spatial Visualization | |||
| Cognitive Training | n trained | n control | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] | d [t(df), p-value] |
|
| ||||||||||
| Speed of Processing | 22 | 19 | −0.88 [−2.65(39), 0.01] | −0.67 [−2.63(39), 0.01] | −0.63 [−2.29(39), 0.03] | −0.62 [−2.29(39), 0.03] | −0.7 [−2.63(39), 0.01] | −0.2 [−0.71(39), 0.48] | −0.31 [−1.05(39), 0.30] | −0.17 [−0.71(39), 0.48] |
| Attention | 16 | 17 | −0.43 [−1.66(31), 0.11] | −0.45 [−1.06(31), 0.30] | −0.37 [−1.72(31), 0.10] | −0.51 [−2.05(31), 0.05] | −0.76 [−2.38(31), 0.02] | −0.24 [−0.65(31), 0.52] | −0.45 [−1.38(31), 0.18] | −0.06 [−0.22(31), 0.83] |
| Verbal Learning and Memory | 15 | 9 | 0.28 [1.02(22), 0.32] | 0.29 [0.67(22), 0.51] | 0.1 [0.19(22), 0.85] | 0.26 [0.55(22), 0.59] | 0.12 [0.24(22), 0.81], | −0.03 [−0.09(22), 0.93] | −0.04 [−0.11(22), 0.91] | −0.16 [−0.47(22), 0.64] |
| Delayed Verbal Memory | 13 | 10 | −0.74 [−1.77(21), 0.09] | −0.16 [−0.56(21), 0.58] | 0.27 [0.45(42), 0.66] | 0.35 [0.71(21), 0.48] | −0.67 [−1.66(21), 0.11] | 0.18 [0.6(21), 0.56] | −0.1 [−0.38(21), 0.71] | −0.12 [−0.29(21), 0.78] |
| Executive Function | 4 | 5 | −0.56 [−2.63(7), 0.03] | −1.24 [−1.97(7), 0.09] | −0.12 [−0.13(7), 0.90] | −1.06 [−1.11(14) ,0.28] | −0.89 [−0.99(7), 0.35] | −0.4 [−0.53(7), 0.61] | −0.46 [−0.8(7), 0.45] | −0.17 [−0.47(7), 0.65] |
| Spatial Learning and Memory | 8 | 8 | −0.94 [−2.31(14), 0.04] | 0.17 [0.28(14), 0.79] | 0.14 [0.45(14), 0.66] | −0.5 [−1.26(14), 0.23] | −0.95 [−1.5(14), 0.16] | −0.71 [−1.54(14), 0.15] | 0.14 [0.42(14), 0.68] | −0.06 [−0.13(14), 0.90] |
| Delayed Spatial Memory | 8 | 5 | −0.56 [−1.57(11), 0.14] | −0.76 [−2.93(11), 0.01] | −0.09 [−0.19(11), 0.85] | 0.29 [0.74(11), 0.47] | −0.27 [−0.47(11), 0.65] | 0.21 [0.3(11), 0.77] | −0.32 [−0.48(11), 0.64] | 0.1 [0.29(11), 0.78] |
| Spatial Visualization | 10 | 7 | −0.28 [−1.22(15), 0.24] | −0.25 [−0.52(15), 0.61] | −0.23 [−0.56(15), 0.58] | −0.34 [−0.71(15), 0.49] | 0.72 [1.64(15), 0.12] | −0.25 [−0.57(15), 0.58] | 0.27 [0.7(15), 0.50] | −0.06 [−0.11(15), 0.91] |
Notes. Training effects of participants in the intervention group were compared pretest and posttest to participants at baseline that also had the same cognitive domain deficit. Effect size d = Cohen's d. For comparison purposes, controls in this analysis were compared to treatment group as if they were assigned a similar hypothetical assignment.