Table 1.
Characteristics, polysomnography (PSG), blood biochemistry, and blood cell of all subjects.
| Index | G1(n = 9) | G2(n = 32) | G3(n = 76) | P value | G1 vs. G2 | G1 vs. G3 | G2 vs. G3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | |||||||
| Age (year) | 23.00 ± 12.18 | 40.63 ± 12.87 | 41.13 ± 13.10 | <0.001 | ** | ** | ns |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 18.93 (17.08, 25.44) | 25.88 (23.62, 28.47) | 30.07 (27.04, 32.2) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| Average heart rate (times/min) | 71.00 (61.50,88.00) | 62.50 (58.25,74.25) | 73.00 (65.00, 92.00) | 0.012 | ns | ns | * |
| Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 103.67 ± 9.937 | 123.5 ± 13.877 | 131.08 ± 17.657 | <0.001 | *** | *** | * |
| Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 68.67 ± 4.848 | 81.75 ± 10.571 | 87.66 ± 12.624 | <0.001 | ** | *** | * |
| PSG | |||||||
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 77.10 (51.90, 81.20) | 75.60 (60.68, 85.10) | 82.60 (69.10, 88.60) | ns | ns | ns | ns |
| WASO (min) | 102.90 (69.20, 164.80) | 107.20 (62.13, 194.83) | 75.80 (48.40, 147.50) | ns | ns | ns | ns |
| Arousal index (times/hour) | 2.40 (1.40, 4.90) | 2.95 (2.13, 4.08) | 2.00 (1.20, 3.10) | 0.029 | ns | ns | * |
| N1 stage percentage (%) | 20.90 (10.60, 29.05) | 24.05 (19.13, 32.38) | 34.30 (23.00, 45.60) | <0.001 | ns | * | ** |
| N2 stage percentage (%) | 47.40 (36.30, 52.30) | 47.55 (42.95, 53.68) | 45.20 (33.70, 53.70) | ns | ns | ns | ns |
| N3 stage percentage (%) | 17.10 (8.30, 24.30) | 10.65 (7.93, 14.83) | 3.80 (0, 9.70) | <0.001 | ns | ** | *** |
| AHI (times/hour) | 1.70 (0.60, 3.50) | 16.75 (9.58, 23.30) | 66.40 (52.40, 81.20) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| Minimum SpO2 (%) | 93.00 (85.50, 94.50) | 85.00 (81.00, 88.75) | 68.00 (64.00, 74.00) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| Oxygen desaturation index (times/hour) | 2.60 (0.85, 4.40) | 17.30 (11.18, 24.10) | 68.00 (54.80, 79.60) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| SIT90 (%) | 0 (0, 0.01) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.05) | 0.43 (0.22, 0.53) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| SIT80 (%) | 0 (0,0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.07 (0.02, 0.16) | <0.001 | ns | *** | *** |
| Blood biochemistry | |||||||
| Cys-C (mg/L) | 0.80 (0.74, 0.96) | 0.86 (0.75, 0.95) | 0.94 (0.85, 1.06) | 0.026 | ns | *** | *** |
| AST/ALT | 1.15 (0.82,1.38) | 0.83 (0.68, 0.98) | 0.71 (0.54, 0.89) | 0.002 | ns | ** | ns |
| GGT(U/L) | 14.00 (9.95, 17.65) | 28.25 (16.00, 41.78) | 47.30 (24.60, 79.00) | <0.001 | ns | *** | ** |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.87 (0.67, 1.51) | 1.49 (1.18, 2.27) | 1.86 (1.36, 2.72) | 0.001 | * | *** | ns |
| UA (mmol/L) | 343.11 ± 50.07 | 415.94 ± 74.77 | 445.49 ± 93.97 | 0.003 | * | *** | ns |
| Apo-B/Apo-A | 0.58 ± 0.10 | 0.77 ± 0.19 | 0.96 ± 0.27 | <0.001 | * | *** | *** |
| BUN/CREA | 0.08 (0.07, 0.09) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.08) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) | ns | ns | ns | ns |
| Blood cells | |||||||
| MHR | 0.25 (0.18, 0.35) | 0.31 (0.20, 0.42) | 0.36 (0.25, 0.52) | 0.018 | ns | * | * |
| RBC (×1012/L) | 4.88 ± 0.24 | 5.02 ± 0.45 | 5.23 ± 0.39 | 0.007 | ns | * | * |
| HGB (g/L) | 144.0 (138.00, 148.00) | 154.0 (145.25, 162.00) | 160.0 (152.00, 166.00) | <0.001 | ns | ** | ns |
| HCT (L/L) | 0.43 (0.42, 0.44) | 0.45(0.43, 0.48) | 0.47(0.45, 0.49) | <0.001 | ns | *** | ns |
G1, AHI < 5 events/hour; G2, 5 ≤ AHI < 30 events/hour; G3, AHI ≥ 30 events/hour.
BMI, body mass index; WASO, wake after sleep onset; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; SIT, supine index time; Cys-C, Cystatin-C; AST/ALT, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TG, triglycerides; UA, uric acid; Apo-B/Apo-A, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A; BUN/CREA, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine; MHR, monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio; RBC, red blood cell; HGB, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; ns, no statistical difference.
*
P < 0.05.
**
P < 0.01.
***
P < 0.001.