. 2025 Apr 1;37(4):145–152. doi: 10.1589/jpts.37.145

Table 2. Morphological characteristics in each layer with load changes and comparison between the dominant and non-dominant feet.

	Dominant			Non-dominant			r	Mean difference
	n=40			n=40				n=40
	Mean ± SD	AC	C-index	Mean ± SD	AC	C-index		Mean ± SD	SEM	95% CI	MDC₉₅
	(mm)	(mm)		(mm)	(mm)			(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
Non-load
Entire	16.9 ± 2.3			17.0 ± 2.4			0.95^***	−0.11 ± 0.77	0.12	−1.62 to 1.40	1.51
MAC	13.1 ± 2.0			13.2 ± 1.9			0.91^***	−0.11 ± 0.87	0.14	−1.83 to 1.60	1.71
MIC	3.8 ± 0.6			3.8 ± 0.7			0.63^***	0.02 ± 0.57	0.09	−1.11 to 1.14	1.12
Sitting (8.4% load)
Entire	11.5 ± 3.1	5.4	0.68	11.4 ± 3.0	5.6	0.67	0.89^***	0.05 ± 1.46	0.23	−2.81 to 2.90	2.85
MAC	8.1 ± 2.8	5.0	0.62	8.0 ± 2.6	5.2	0.61	0.88^***	0.06 ± 1.34	0.21	−2.55 to 2.68	2.62
MIC	3.4 ± 0.6	0.4	0.89	3.4 ± 0.7	0.4	0.89	0.81^***	−0.02 ± 0.41	0.06	−0.82 to 0.78	0.80
50% load
Entire	9.1 ± 2.4	7.8	0.54	9.1 ± 2.2	7.9	0.54	0.92^***	0.06 ± 0.94	0.15	−1.78 to 1.89	1.83
MAC	6.0 ± 2.0	7.1	0.46	6.0 ± 1.8	7.2	0.45	0.90^***	0.02 ± 0.90	0.14	−1.74 to 1.77	1.76
MIC	3.1 ± 0.6	0.7	0.82	3.1 ± 0.7	0.7	0.82	0.87^***	0.04 ± 0.32	0.05	−0.59 to 0.68	0.64
80% load
Entire	8.2 ± 1.7	8.7	0.49	8.0 ± 1.7	9.0	0.47	0.94^***	0.17 ± 0.62	0.11	−1.04 to 1.38	1.21
MAC	5.3 ± 1.3	7.8	0.40	5.1 ± 1.3	8.1	0.39	0.93^***	0.19 ± 0.53	0.09	−0.84 to 1.22	1.03
MIC	2.9 ± 0.5	0.9	0.76	2.9 ± 0.5	0.9	0.76	0.87^***	−0.02 ± 0.28	0.05	−0.56 to 0.52	0.54

Entire: entire layer; MAC: macrochamber layer; MIC: microchamber layer; SD: standard deviation; AC: amount of change; C-index: compressibility index; r: Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient; ***p<0.001; SEM: standard error of the mean; CI: confidence interval; MDC₉₅: minimal detectable change based on a 95% confidence interval.