Table 2.
Descriptions of the translation process.
| Language | Forward translation | Expert panel | Back translation | Pilot study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | French | 1 translator | − | 1 translator | − |
| 2 | Chinese | 1 translator | − | 1 translator | − |
| 3 | Spanish | a bilingual group expert in psychology | − | 1 bilingual psychologist | − |
| 4 | Turkish | 3 independent graduate clinical psychology students | 2 psychology professors | 1 translator | − |
| 5 | Persian | 2 bilingual psychologists | − | 1 bilingual psychologists | − |
| 6 | Japanese | − | − | − | − |
| 7 | Brazilian | 2 translators | 3 psychologists | 2 translators | + |
| 8 | Arabic | − | − | − | − |
| 9 | Indonesian | 2 translators | 1 professor and 2 doctors of Psychology | 1 translator | + |
| 10 | Australian | − | − | − | − |
| 11 | Urdu | 2 bilingual clinical psychologists | 4 bilingual clinical psychologists | 2 bilingual clinical psychologists | − |
| 12 | Bangladeshi | + | 6 translators | + | + |