Table 6.
Summary of quantitative synthesis.
| Intervention | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phonological (P) and/or Semantic (S) - Eight studies | Story - Three studies | Story + P and/or S - Three studies | ||
| Expressive vocabulary | Phonological and Semantic combined (Five studies)Significance range: p < 0.0001 to 0.01Source: Ardanouy et al., 2023 (n = 8); Best et al., 2018 (n = 11); Wright, 1993 (n = 4); Motsch and Marks, 2015 (n = 78); Zens et al., 2009 (n = 19)Effect size: LargeSource: Ardanouy et al., 2023; Motsch and Marks, 2015; Zens et al., 2009 | Story (Two studies) Significance: p < 0.001–0.05 Source: Nash and Donaldson, 2005 (n = 16); Smeets et al. (2014) Study 1 (n = 28) Effect size: Large. Source: Smeets et al., 2014, Study 1 (n = 28) | Story + P&S (Two studies)Significance range: p = 0.028–0.05Source: Lowman and Dressler, 2016; (n = 18); Steele et al., 2013 (n = 12)Effect size: SmallSource: Lowman and Dressler, 2016 | |
| Outcome | Semantic only (Three studies)Significance range: p = 0.004 to < 0.01Source: Best et al., 2021 (n = 20); Nash and Donaldson, 2005 (n = 16); Zens et al., 2009 (n = 19)Effect size range: Medium to largeSource: Best et al., 2021; Zens et al., 2009 | Story + S (Two studies)Significance range: p = < 0.0001 to 0.002Source: Steele et al., 2013 (n = 12); Storkel et al., 2019 (n = 34)Effect size not reported. | ||
| Phonological only (One study)Significance: p = 0.001Effect size range: Large.Source: Zens et al., 2009 (n = 19) | ||||
| Receptive vocabulary | Phonological and Semantic combined (One study)Significance range: p < 0.001 to < 0.01Source: Parsons et al., 2005 (n = 2)Effect size not reported | Story (One study) Significance range: p < 0.001 to < 0.05 (Spoken word recognition & Meaning recognition) Source: Nash and Donaldson, 2005 (n = 16) Effect size not reported | Story + P&S (One studies)Significance: p < 0.01Source: Lowman and Dressler, 2016 (n = 12)Effect size range: Small to largeSource: Lowman and Dressler, 2016 (n = 12) | |
| Semantic only (One study)Significance: p < 0.01Source: Nash and Donaldson, 2005 (n = 16) Effect size not reported | ||||