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. 2025 Mar 20;5:1532931. doi: 10.3389/fopht.2025.1532931

Table 2.

Spearman’s correlations between refractive error components and higher-order aberrations.

Spherical equivalent (r) J0 (r) J45 (r)
Horizontal coma (Z3 1) -0.10 -0.18 -0.05
Vertical coma (Z3 -1) 0.02 0.10† 0.004
Oblique trefoil (Z3 3) -0.06 -0.10† 0.10*
Vertical trefoil (Z3 -3) -0.007 -0.10* -0.20†
Spherical aberration (Z4 0) -0.02 -0.03 0.05
Total root mean square wave-front error -0.10† 0.05 0.10†

*Bonferroni corrected P <0.05, †Bonferroni corrected P <0.005.