. 2025 Mar 13;12:1553162. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2025.1553162

TABLE 2.

The differential metabolites characterized in plasma and their change trends after treatment with different herbs.

No	RT (min)	Metabolites	VIP ^a	Trend ^b				Fold change
No	RT (min)	Metabolites	VIP ^a	M/C	CP/M	RG/M	CRP/M	M/C	CP/M	RG/M	CRP/M
1	16.91	Ubiquinone-2	2.27	↓^***	↑^***	↑^***	↑^***	0.4293	2.4621	2.4185	2.6013
2	16.40	n6-[2-(4-Aminophenyl)ethyl] adenosine	2.28	↓^***	↑^***	↑^***	↑^***	0.3033	2.5222	2.7869	2.9110
3	16.41	Dodec-7-enedioylcarnitine	2.45	↓^**	↑^***	↑^***	↑^**	0.4694	2.6957	3.0000	1.9130
4	16.19	Stearoylcarnitine	1.99	↑^***	↓^**	—	↓	1.7716	0.7640	0.9468	0.8903
5	15.23	Hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid	2.38	↓^***	↑^*	↑	↑^**	0.5169	1.4853	1.4089	1.4896
6	14.74	Hydroxylinolenic acid	2.26	↓^**	—	↑	↑^**	0.6562	1.0171	1.4007	1.3082
7	16.01	Octadecatetraenoic acid	2.09	↓^***	—	—	↑^*	0.2476	0.7725	0.6497	1.4341
8	14.60	Cosahexaenoic acid	2.21	↓^***	↑	↑	↑	0.2971	1.1756	1.1945	1.1148
9	15.31	Sphinganine	2.16	↑^*	↓^*	—	↓^**	1.6676	0.7383	0.9500	0.5328
10	17.47	Cer(t18:0/16:0)	1.67	↑^**	↓^**	↓^**	↓^**	1.5277	0.7234	0.6137	0.6698
11	16.23	Ganglioside GA2 (d18:1/9Z-18:1)	1.98	↑^***	↓	↓	↓	3.3730	0.7555	0.7122	0.8617
12	16.46	Ganglioside GM3 (d18:0/12:0)	2.17	↑^***	↓^**	↓^**	↓^**	1.8587	0.6438	0.4441	0.7645
13	18.09	DG(PGD1/i-15:0)	1.55	↑^**	↓^***	↓^***	↓^***	1.4457	0.3979	0.4442	0.4129
14	16.36	PS(20:4/18:0-2OH)	2.23	↓^**	↑	↑	↑^*	0.4219	1.2923	1.4076	1.3246
15	16.48	PC(LTE4/22:0)	1.94	↑^**	↓	↓	↓	2.331	0.8368	0.7244	0.7380
16	16.84	PE(20:4-2OH/DiMe)	2.16	↑^***	↓^**	↓^**	↓^*	1.5188	0.8058	0.8716	0.8627
17	16.48	PG(LTE4/20:2)	2.29	↓^***	↑	↑	↑	0.3269	1.2266	1.1758	0.8945
18	16.81	PG(i-14:0/i-13:0)	1.51	↑^***	—	↓	—	1.3426	1.1064	0.8314	0.8861
19	17.65	LysoPI(20:4)	1.80	↑^***	↓^***	↓^**	↓^***	1.4862	0.5981	0.4753	0.4847
20	15.88	LysoPE(22:6)	1.86	↓^***	↓^***	↓^***	↓^***	0.7200	3.7540	4.5755	4.9711
21	16.16	LysoPE(22:5)	1.74	↓^*	—	—	↑	0.8580	0.9277	1.0461	1.1837
22	17.06	LysoPE(18:0)	1.87	↓^**	↑	↑^**	↑^**	0.8919	1.1876	1.2895	1.3398
23	16.33	LysoPE(16:0)	2.06	↓^**	↑	↑^**	↑^**	0.7640	1.2106	1.3439	1.4187
24	16.88	LysoPC(P-18:0)	2.03	↑^***	↓^**	↓^***	↓^***	1.5161	0.638	0.5911	0.6071
25	17.45	LysoPC(O-18:0)	1.92	↑^***	↓^***	↓^***	↓^***	1.6752	0.5198	0.5235	0.5200
26	16.46	LysoPC(18:1)	2.02	↑^***	↓^*	—	↓^*	1.3761	0.8521	0.9246	0.9020
27	16.68	LysoPC(20:2)	2.08	↑^***	↓^**	↓^**	↓*	2.0623	0.6861	0.6509	0.7576
28	15.99	Dihydrotestosterone diglucuronide	1.54	↑^**	↓^***	↓^***	↓^***	2.1572	0.1209	0.1119	0.1148
29	18.59	PGD2 ethanolamide	2.12	↓^***	↑^*	↑	↑^**	0.4282	1.9396	1.7991	2.7251
30	16.66	LTB4 ethanolamide	2.43	↓^**	—	↑	↑	0.5078	0.6448	1.1931	0.6564
31	16.81	Arachidonic acid	1.64	↑^***	↓^**	↓^***	↓^***	1.8160	0.5933	0.5165	0.5141
32	15.31	Sulfolithocholylglycine	1.94	↑^***	↓^**	↓^***	↓^**	2.0117	0.5717	0.5070	0.5558

The changes of differential metabolites were labelled with (↓) downregulated (Fold change <0.9) and (↑) upregulated (Fold change >1.1).

^{^a}

Calculated by the OPLS-DA, model based on metabolites of control and model group.

^{^b}

The differential metabolites were not regulated in the administration groups compared with the model group.

M/C means the model group compared with the control group; CP/M, RG/M and CRP/M means CP, RG, and CRP, groups compared with the model group, respectively.

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 significantly different from the model group.