Table 1.
Patient Characteristics and Time to Treatment
| Patient characteristics | CSE (n = 60) |
| Age at onset (y), median (p25-p75) | 3.7 (1.9–7.0) |
| Female, n (%) | 29 (48) |
| Race, n (%) | |
| White | 30 (50) |
| Black or African American | 5 (8) |
| Asian | 3 (5) |
| Arabic | 9 (15) |
| Other | 9 (15) |
| Not reported | 4 (7) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |
| Hispanic | 8 (13) |
| Non-Hispanic | 52 (87) |
| Neurologically healthy other than seizures, n (%) | 20 (33) |
| History of epilepsy, n (%) | 39 (65) |
| Family history of seizures, n (%) | 24 (40) |
| History of developmental delay, n (%) | 36 (60) |
| Number of ASMs at episode onset, median (p25-p75) | 2 (1–3) |
| History of SE in patients with a history of seizures (n = 39), n (%) | 30 (77) |
| RM prescribed before episode in patients with a history of seizures (n = 39), n (%) | 34 (87) |
| Time to treatment and personalized SAP | |||
| Personalized SAP Available (n = 34) |
Personalized SAP Not available (n = 26) |
p Values | |
| Time to first ASM (min), median (p25-p75) | 6 (5–18) n = 34 | 15 (8–27) n = 24 | <0.05 |
| Time to second ASM (minutes), median (p25-p75) | 14 (8–34) n = 20 | 31 (20–64) n = 15 | <0.05 |
| Time to third ASM (min), median (p25-p75) | 32 (21–69) n = 13 | 48 (37–85) n = 12 | 0.082 |
| Time to treatment and seizure duration | |||
| Pearson correlations with total seizure duration (minutes) (n = 60) |
p Values | ||
| Time to first ASM (min), median (p25-p75) | 9 (5–20) n = 58 | 0.878a | <0.001 |
| Time to s ASM (minutes), median (p25-p75) | 24 (10–37) n = 35 | 0.902a | <0.001 |
| Time to third ASM (min), median (p25-p75) | 39 (26–77) n = 25 | 0.931a | <0.001 |
| BZD-responsive vs BZD-resistant groups | |||
| BZD-responsive (n = 34) | BZD-resistant (n = 26) | p Values | |
| Seizure duration (min), median (p25–p75) | 11 (7–20) | 57 (29–91) | <0.001b |
| Number of ASMs needed for seizure abortion, median (p25–p75) | 1 (1–2) | 4 (3–6) | <0.001b |
| Number of non-BZD medications, median (p25–p75) | 3 (3–5) | ||
| Time to first ASM (min), median (p25–p75) | 6 (5–15), n = 33 | 15 (6–32), n = 25 | <0.05b |
| Time to s ASM (min), median (p25–p75) | 10 (8–21), n = 10 | 31 (17–55), n = 25 | <0.01b |
| Time to third ASM (min), median (p25–p75) | 36, n = 1 | 41 (25–78), n = 24 | 0.781b |
| Time to first non-BZD (min), median (p25–p75) | 57 (31–86), n = 26 | ||
Abbreviations: ASM = antiseizure medication(s); BZD = benzodiazepine; CSE = convulsive status epilepticus; SE = status epilepticus.
a
Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
b
Mann-Whitney U test.