Table 4.
psychosocial findings related to substance use among study participants
| Psychosocial parameters | Overall findings | Total N* | Participants with past history of substance use | Participants with no history of substance use | P-value# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive anxiety screening: n (%) | 107 (30.2%) | 354 | 57/148 (38.5%) | 50/206 (24.3%) | 0.006 |
| Positive depression screening n (%) | 117 (33.6%) | 348 | 63/143 (44.1%) | 54/205 (26.3%) | 0.001 |
| Low self-esteem score: mean (SD) | 20.3 (4.4) | 357 | 20.9 (4.3) | 20.0 (4.5) | 0.044 |
| Parental control score: mean (SD) | 3.0 (0.5) | 367 | 2.9 (0.5) | 3.0 (0.6) | 0.037 |
| Parental attitude score: mean (SD) | 3.8 (0.5) | 366 | 3.6 (0.5) | 3.9 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| Family hostility score: mean (SD) | 3.1 (0.7) | 361 | 3.0 (0.8) | 3.2 (0.7) | 0.006 |
*
N: total Number of students with valid data for that variable; SD: standard deviation; #P-value for the comparison of findings among participants with and without a history of substance use, using the Chi-squared test for categorical variables, and the T-test for continuous variables