Table 3.

Dataset characteristics and balancing techniques used in the study.

Dataset	Samples	Classes	Class Type	Balancing Technique
ACDC	150 cine MRI volumes	4 (Normal, MINF, DCM, HCM)	Multi-class	No balancing needed (already balanced)
imATFIB	20 cardiac MRI volumes	2 (Healthy, Atrial Fibrillation)	Binary	SMOTE used for balancing