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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2025 Feb 19;82(4):561–572. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.18733

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2.

The contribution of the built environment’s spatial layout and key provisioning systems in the generation of multi-scale pollution exposures. Key intermediary pathways in the pathogenesis of hypertension are highlighted. The Governance and legal frameworks, as well as the genetic, cultural and nutritional context of any given environment, may additionally govern the expression of a hypertension phenotype.