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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Urol. 2024 Jan 11;86(1):61–68. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.12.015

Table 2–

Adverse events by randomization arm where differences are calculated as the difference in the transrectal arm subtracted from the transperineal arm

Characteristic Transperineal (N = 287), n (%) Transrectal (N = 280), n (%) Difference (%) 95% Confidence interval (%) p value
Infection 0 (0) 4 (1.4) −1.4 −3.6, 0.2 0.059
Urinary retention 1 (0.3) 3 (1.1) −0.7 −2.8, 1.0
Bleeding requiring intervention 0 (0) 1 (0.4) −0.4 −2.0, 1.0
Gleason grade group 2–5 151 (53) 141 (50) 2.0 −6.0, 10
Gleason grade group 1 49 (17) 62 (22) −5.1 −12, 1.7

CI = confidence interval.

Values are presented as n (%); differences along with Newcombe hybrid score 95% confidence intervals and p values were calculated using Fisher’s exact test for the primary outcome of infection. For cancer detection outcomes, Gleason grade group differences adjusted for site along with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the logistic regression least-squares adjusted mean difference (95% CI).