Fig 3.

Sphingosine induces a degradation of cardiolipin. (A) P. aeruginosa strains ATCC 27853 or 762 (1 × 10⁷ CFU) were incubated in HEPES/saline (H/S, 132 mM NaCl, 20 mM HEPES [pH 7.0], 5 mM KCl, 1 mM CaCl₂, 0.7 mM MgCl₂, 0.8 mM MgSO₄) for 20 min with 1 µM sphingosine (SPH) or left untreated, centrifuged, and lysed, and the cardiolipin content was determined by an enzyme kit from Abcam (#241036). Shown are the mean ± SD of five independent experiments; ^***P <0.001, ANOVA. (B) P. aeruginosa strains ATCC 27853 or 762 (1 × 10⁷ CFU) were labeled with 40 µCi [¹⁴C]acetate/100 mL TSB, washed, treated for 20 min with 1 µM sphingosine (SPH) or left untreated, pelleted, and extracted, and lipids were analyzed by TLC. Displayed are the mean ± SD, five independent experiments; ^***P <0.001, ANOVA, post hoc Tukey test.