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. 2025 Apr 8;15:11962. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96702-3

Table 8.

Corrected ground electrode resistance and impedance values.

Month kp Grounding system resistance RkE (Ω) Grounding system impedance RkE (Ω) Average temperature Note*
4p 3p 2p Impact method °C
July 1.4 0.286 0.386 0.238 0.243 19 DM
August 3.0 0.360 0.479 0.510 0.306 15 DM, HR
September 1.4 0.190 0.358 0.252 0.173 15 DM
October 2.2 1.866 0.815 0.557 1.433 8 HM
November 2.2 1.853 0.909 1.430 1.443 0 HM
December 2.2 0.994 1.231 0.660 0.705 2 HM
January 2.2 1.031 1.204 0.660 0.714 -1 HM
February 2.2 0.800 1.203 0.682 0.631 3 HM
March 2.2 1.642 1.456 3.982 1.432 13 HM
April 2.2 1.959 1.434 4.224 2.100 7 HM
May 3.0 0.412 0.800 0.490 0.638 11 HM, HR
June 1.4 0.165 0.636 0.238 0.636 20 DM

*DM - “dry” month, HR - heavy rainfall, HM - “humid” month.