TABLE 3.
Cox proportional-hazards model for death of patients treated with upfront surgical resection for pancreatic cancer in the SEER-Medicare data set from 2004 to 2013
| HR | 95% CI | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis period | ||||
| 2004–2008 | 1.00 Reference | |||
| 2009–2013 | 1.29 | 1.18 | 1.42 | <.0001 |
| Age categories (years) | ||||
| 66–69 | 1.00 Reference | |||
| 70–74 | 1.09 | 0.96 | 1.23 | 0.19 |
| 75–79 | 1.06 | 0.93 | 1.20 | 0.39 |
| 80–84 | 1.01 | 0.87 | 1.16 | 0.92 |
| ≥ 85 | 0.97 | 0.79 | 1.20 | 0.80 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1.00 Reference | |||
| Female | 0.93 | 0.85 | 1.02 | 0.10 |
| Race | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1.00 Reference | |||
| Black | 1.10 | 0.91 | 1.32 | 0.33 |
| Other or unknown | 1.03 | 0.90 | 1.18 | 0.65 |
| CCI | ||||
| 0 | 1.00 Reference | |||
| 1 | 1.04 | 0.94 | 1.15 | 0.49 |
| ≥ 2 | 1.25 | 1.11 | 1.40 | 0.0002 |
| T stage | ||||
| 1 and 2 | 1.00 Reference | |||
| 3 | 1.31 | 1.16 | 1.47 | <0.0001 |
| 4 | 2.20 | 1.59 | 3.02 | <0.0001 |
| Nodal metastases | ||||
| No | 1.00 Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.48 | 1.33 | 1.63 | <0.0001 |
| Missing | 1.11 | 0.87 | 1.42 | 0.41 |
| Lymph nodes evaluated | ||||
| < 15 | 1.00 Reference | |||
| 15+ | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.94 | 0.001 |
| NCI-designated cancer center | ||||
| Yes | 1.00 Reference | |||
| No | 0.96 | 0.78 | 1.19 | 0.73 |
| Surgical procedure | ||||
| Whipple | 1.00 Reference | |||
| Total pancreatectomy | 1.03 | 0.91 | 1.18 | 0.63 |
| Other | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.13 | 0.99 |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||
| None | 1.35 | 1.22 | 1.51 | <0.0001 |
| Incomplete | 1.00 Reference | |||
| Complete | 0.78 | 0.65 | 0.95 | 0.01 |
Bold text designates statistical significance
SEER surveillance epidemiology and end results program, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, NCI National Cancer Institute